hepatopancreatic bilary physiology

Question 1

what is the pH of bile salts

Answer 1

alkaline

Question 2

what converts cholesterol to primary bile acids

Answer 2

cytochrome p450

Question 3

what is another name for primary bile acids

Answer 3

cholic acid, chenodeoxycholic

Question 4

bacterial enzymes convert cholic acid to ______ and chenodeoxycholic to

Answer 4

deoxycholic; lithocholic acid

Question 5

to facilitate bile acid ionization, bile salts are conjugate as bile

Answer 5

salts (glycocholate and taurocholate)

Question 6

_________ of bile salts allows them to be reabsorbed

Answer 6

deconjugation

Question 7

where are bile salts absorbed

Answer 7

distal ileum

Question 8

what causes the release of bile salts

Answer 8

CCK and secretin

Question 9

leak of bile to stomach causes

Answer 9

gastritis

Question 10

what is the major determining factor of bile acid secretion and synthesis

Answer 10

concentration on portal blood

Question 11

how does gastrin regulate bile

Answer 11

increases secritin

Question 12

what is the effect of steroids on bile secretion

Answer 12

decreases

Question 13

abosrbed bile salts are bound to

Answer 13

albumin or HDL

Question 14

how are bile salts recycled

Answer 14

passive diffusion
active carrier mediated
bacteria deconjugate to lipophillic acids
dehydoxylation

Question 15

primary bile pigment

Answer 15

bilirubin

Question 16

what are the types of gallstones

Answer 16

cholesterol, pigment, or mixed

Question 17

comlications of gallstones

Answer 17

pancreatitis
jaundice
cholecystitis
cholangitis
intestinal obstruction
cancer