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SM > Neck and Back Injuries > Flashcards

Neck and Back Injuries Flashcards

1
Q

What is sciatica?

A

Pressure on the sciatic nerve at a point along its course

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2
Q

What are the causes of sciatica?

A 
Prolapsed disc
Spondylolithesis
Space occupying lesion
Osteophytic growths
Piriformis
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3
Q

What are the symptoms of sciatica?

A

Radiating pain down the leg
Possible lower back pain
Dependent upon cause

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4
Q

What is the treatment for sciatica?

A

Dependent upon cause
Traction, manipulation
X rays and further investigations
Deep massage and METs

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5
Q

What are the causes of lower back pain?

A 
Sacroiliac joint dysfunction
Facet joint irritation
Ligament sprain
Muscular strain
Arthritic changes
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6
Q

What are the symptoms of lower back pain?

A

Pain and stiffness in lower back

Normal distribution of lower back pain

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7
Q

What is the treatment for lower back pain?

A

Mobilisation
Manipulation
Traction
Exercise prescription

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8
Q

What massage techniques can be used for lower back pain?

A 
Effleurage
Petrissage
Deep frictions
Myofascial release
STR
NMT
Focus on areas of tension
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9
Q

What is spasmodic torticollis?

A

Neurological movement disorder

Also known as cervical dystonia

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10
Q

What causes spasmodic torticollis?

A

Unknown but genetics, trauma, malpositioning of head at prenatal stage and anti-psychotic drugs could be factors

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11
Q

What are the symptoms of spasmodic torticollis?

A

Intermittent muscle spasm causing head turning and tilting

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12
Q

What is the treatment for spasmodic torticollis?

A

Soft tissue work on affected muscles and gentle METs

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13
Q

What is whiplash?

A

Rapid extension followed by flexion or vice versa

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14
Q

How is whiplash graded?

A

1 to 4
1 = stiffness and tenderness but no physical signs and no loss of mobility
4 = neck complaints, fracture, dislocation or injury to spinal cord

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15
Q

What are the symptoms of whiplash?

A

Neck pain and stiffness
Neck swelling
Reduced range of movement in neck
Headaches, back pain, dizziness, blurred vision

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16
Q

What is the treatment for whiplash?

A

Recommend x-ray
Rest, but not immobility
Soft tissue massage
Ice and heat

17
Q

How can the neck be treated with sports massage techniques (supine)?

A 
Effleurage into upper traps, NMT
Lev scar stretching 
Rhomboids NMT
Scalenes/SCM and upper traps with patient head rotated and side bent away
Sub occipitals inhibition
Traction onto cervical spine
METs to scales, SCM, upper traps
18
Q

How can the neck be treated with massage (side laying)?

A

Upper traps: kneading, NMT, compressions

Scalenes: side bend stretch

SM (33 decks)

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