Nasal Cavity and Pterygopalatine Fossa Flashcards
What are the bony parts of the nose?
nasal bone
frontal process of maxilla
nasal part of frontal bone and nasal spine
bony part of nasal septum
What are the cartilages of the nose?
2 lateral cartilages (superior)
2 alar cartilages
septal cartilage (middle)
What is the glabella?
part of frontal bone above nose (where you get unibrow)
What is considered the nasal septum proper?
perpendicular plate of ethmoid bone
septal cartilage
vomer bone
What are the 2 basic areas of the nasal cavity?
inferior 2/3 = respiratory area
superior 1/3 = olfactory area
What is the roof of the nasal cavity?
frontal bone
ethmoid bone
sphenoid bone
What is the floor of the nasal cavity?
palatine process of maxilla
horizontal plate of palatine bone
What is the medial wall of the nasal cavity?
nasal septum = perpendicular plate of ethmoid, vomer, septal cartilage, nasal crests of maxillary and palatine
What is the lateral wall of the nasal cavity?
superior, medial, and inferior nasal conchae
Where are the openings of the posterior ethmoidal sinus?
in superior nasal meatus
Where is the opening of the middle ethmoidal sinus?
in middle nasal meatus
Where is the ethmoidal bulla?
under the second concha
directs mucus and air
Where is the semilunar hiatus and what is located within it?
in middle nasal meatus
opening of maxillary sinus is located within it
Where is the opening of the nasolacrimal duct?
in inferior nasal meatus
What is the arterial supply to the nasal cavity?
to lateral and medial walls - branches of maxillary artery: sphenopalatine A anterior and post ethmoidal As greater palatine A From facial: superior labial, lateral nasal
What is the Desselbach area?
In anterior part of nasal cavity - where you can get really bad nosebleeds
where Ant and post ethmoidal As, sphenopalatine, greater palatine, sup labial, and lat nasal As converge
What innervates the maxillary sinus?
superior alveolar n branches (V2)
What innervates the ethmoid sinus?
nasociliary Ns (V1)
What innervates the sphenoid sinus?
posterior ethmoidal N
What innervates the frontal sinus?
supraorbital Ns (V1)
What are the ant and post borders of the pterygopalatine fossa?
ant: maxillary tuberosity
post: pterygoid process of sphenoid
What are the medial and lateral borders of the pterygopalatine fossa?
med: perpendicular plate of palatine bone
lateral: opens into infratemporal fossa via pterygomaxillary fissure
What are the roof and floor of the pterygopalatine fossa?
roof: (incomplete) greater wing of sphenoid
floor: pyramidal process of palatine
What are the openings of the pterygopalatine fossa?
superior: inferior orbital fissure
inferior: closed except for palatine foramen
What are the foramina of the pterygopalatine fossa?
spheno-palatine foramen to nasal cavity
vidian canal to foramen rotundum
Where do the palatine nerves run?
through pterygopalatine canal
What are the significant nerves in the pterygopalatine fossa?
maxillary N (V3) –> pterygopalatine Ns –> pterygopalatine ganglion –> N of pterygoid canal and greater and lesser palatine Ns
How do PS travel to the pterygopalatine fossa?
Travel through facial N on greater petrosal N –> joins the deep petrosal N = n of the pterygoid canal –> pterygopalatine ganglion
How do sympathetics travel to the pterygopalatine ganglion?
superior cervical ganglion –> Internal carotid plexus –> deep petrosal n (post syn) –> pterygopalatine ganglion –> join branches of maxillary n
