Cranial Autonomics

Question 1

What are the cranial nerves?

Answer 1

Oh: olfactory

Oh: optic

Oh: oculomotor

To: trochlear

Touch: trigeminal

And: Abducens

Feel: facial

Vagina: vestibulochochlear

God: glossopharyngeal

Vaginas: Vagus

Are: Accessory

Hot!: Hypoglosseal

Question 2

What is the type of each cranial nerve?

Answer 2

Some

Say

Money

Matters

But

My

Brother

Says

Big

Business

Matters

Most

Question 3

What are the 4 autonomic (Visceral motorr) nuclei and what are the nerves in them?

Answer 3

Edinger-Westphal: 3 (occulomotor)

Superior salivatory nucleus: 7 (facial)

Inferior Salivatory nucleus: 9 (glossopharyngeal

Dorsal vagal nucleus: 10 (vagus)

Question 4

What are the 8 cranial holes to know?

Answer 4

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cribiform plate

optic canal

superior orbital fissure

foramen rotundum

foramen ovale

internal acoustic meatis

jugular foramen

hypoglossal canal

Question 5

What nerve goes through the cribiform plate?

Answer 5

1: olfactory

Question 6

What nerve goes through the optic canal?

Answer 6

2 = optic n

Question 7

What nerve goes through the superior orbital fissure?

Answer 7

3, 4, V1, 6

(occulomotor, trochlear, trigeminal, abducens)

Question 8

What nerve go through foramen rotundum?

Answer 8

V2 (maxillary n)

Question 9

What nerve goes through foramen ovale?

Answer 9

V3 (mandibular N)

Question 10

What nerves go through the internal acoustic meatis?

Answer 10

7 and 8

(facial n, vestibulochochlear n)

Question 11

What nerves go through the jugular foramen?

Answer 11

9, 10, 11

(glossopharyngeal, Vagus, accessory)

Question 12

What nerve goes through the hypoglossal canal?

Answer 12

12

(hypoglossal)

Question 13

How do sympathetics run in the head?

Answer 13

all sympathetic fibers are postganglionic arising from the superior cervical ganglion of the sympathetic trunk

travel on vessels to structures

*deep petrosal is only named SNS nerve to know*

Question 14

How do parasympathetics synapse on their way to the head?

Answer 14

fibers arise from the brain stem –> synapse at 4 ganglia in the head:

ciliary

pterygopalantine

otic

submandibular

Question 15

How are preganglionic PS fibers carried?

Postganglionic?

Answer 15

Pre: by cranial nerves 3, 7, 9, and 10

Post: piggy back on a branch of the trigeminal to arrive at structure they innervate

Question 16

How does the deep petrosal n arise and run?

Answer 16

post-ganglionic SNS from syperior cervical ganglion –> internal carotid plexus –> now deep petrosal n (CN 7) –> pterygoid canal –> pterygopalatine ganglion

Question 17

What are the 3 sympathetic plexuses to the head?

Answer 17

internal carotid a plexus

facial a plexus

external carotid a plexus

Question 18

What is Horner’s syndrome?

Answer 18

Have you met PAM Horner?

Ptosis

Anhidrosis

Miosis

absence of sympathetically stimulated fxns on ipsilateral side of the head

Question 19

What are the 3 branches of the trigeminal N (CN 5)?

Answer 19

opthalmic n

maxillary n

mandibular n

Question 20

What are the 2 parts of the opthalmic n that are piggy backed by PNS?

Answer 20

lacrimal n

short ciliary ns

Question 21

What are the 4 parts of V2 piggy backed by PNS?

Answer 21

zygomatic

nasociliary

greater and lesser palatine

posterior superior nasal

Question 22

What are the 2 parts of V3 piggy backed by PNS?

Answer 22

lingual

auriculotemporal

Question 23

What do the PNS motor fibers following CN 3 (oculomotor n) do?

Answer 23

edinger-westphal nucleus –> to ciliary ganglion –> short ciliary nerves –> innervate constrictor pupilae and ciliary muscles

Question 24

What do PNS following facial nerve (CN 7) do?

Answer 24

superior salivatory nucleus –> pterygopalatine and submandibular ganglia –> lacrimal, submandibular, and sublingual glands; oral, nasal, pharyngeal mucosal glands

Question 25

How does the vagus n run and what does it innervate in the head and neck?

Answer 25

dorsal vagal motor nucleus and nucleus ambiguus –> sm m and glands of pharynx, and larynx