Mycoses Flashcards
tinea versicolor
features / org
cutaneous causes hypopigmented areas of skin lesions with yeast and hyphae tends to recur live on keratinized structures
epidermophyton
trichophyton
microsporum
tinea versicolor
pathogenesis
(all cutaneous)
biproducts of fungi metabolism go into tissues and cause inflammation and vesicles around lesion
ring worm (dry scaly inside, red inflam blisters outside)
infection of hair shaft or nails -> thickening, discoloring
tinea versicolor
transmission
(all cutaneous)
direct contact (wrestling)
contact with pets
chronic in warm/moist areas of body
tinea versicolor
prevention / treatment
keep cool and dry
antifungal creams
permanent cure is difficult
sporotrichosis, “rose gardner disease”
features / org
sub-cutaneous
grows on soil and decaying vegetation
sporotrix schenckii
sporotrichosis, “rose gardner disease”
pathogenesis
granulomas (may be painless, last years, hard to eliminate)
HIV patients can disseminate
sporotrichosis, “rose gardner disease”
transmission
thorn-caused trauma (while gardening)
sporotrichosis, “rose gardner disease”
prevention / treatment
protect skin when gardening
antifungal drugs
coccidioides, “valley fever”
features / org
systemic
dimorphic (mold in soil, yeast in host)
coccidioides immitans
coccidioides, “valley fever”
pathogenesis
20% inhaled goes into organs
“desert bump” granuloma under skin
inhaled -> lungs -> “valley fever”
water dries, spores produced, inhaled, lungs, yeast cell replication and surrounded by chitin cell wall, hard to destroy by immune system, granulomas
coccidioides, “valley fever”
transmission
inhalation of spores close to water
in CA, AZ, NM, TX, northern mexico
increased when earthquake, at end of summer
firefighters at risk
increased in filipinos and african americans
coccidioides, “valley fever”
prevention / treatment
avoid travel to endemic areas
antifungals if immunocompromised
histoplasma
features / org
systemic
dimorphic (mold in soil, yeast in host)
intracellular (only one)
pneumonia possible
histoplasma capsulatum
histoplasma
pathogenesis
inhalation, lungs, macrophages in liver and spleen
cause granulomas in immunocompromised
HIV patients can disseminate
histoplasma
transmission
inhalation of soil spores
in river valleys (ohio, mississippi)
contaminated soil with bat guano
spelunkers at risk
