Musculoskeletal Flashcards
what cell makes bone?
osteoblast
________ hormone stimulates __________ to break down bones for calcium and phosphorus. this process is inhibited by __________
parathyroid
osteocytes
calcitonin
what is it called when a calcium deficiency leads to softening of bones?
osteomalacia
what is it called when osteomalacia happens in kids?
rickets
How will the presentation differ for rickets rather than osteomalacia?
more bony deformities,
skull doesn’t close properly
bowed legs
three types of fractures
traumatic injury
stress
pathological
open versus closed fracture?
open breaks the skin
what’s an avulsion fracture?
when the tendon rips part of the bone off
greenstick fractures usually happen in _______
children
transverse fracture?
goes all the way through bone
comminuted fracture?
has multiple pieces
impacted fracture
telescopes into itself
a patient has numbness and paresthesia in all positions of a limb, or has a pale cyanotic limb. they have a cast that is too tight or something that could be increasing pressure in that limb. is this a medical emergency? how many hours before permanent necrosis? what is it called?
yes
4
compartment syndrome
osgood-schlatter disease creates _______ at the insertion of the _________ into the __________
microfractures
patellar tendon
tibial tuberosity
is osteogenesis imperfect autosomal dominant or recessive?
dominant
Osteogenesis imperfecta affects the production of _______
collagen 1
what does osteogenesis imperfecta do to the eyes, and why?
when there is no collagen type 1, the eye white becomes translucent so it appears blue
what is the name of the collage of matrix madness in the bones?
`paget’s disease
name some causes of osteoporosis
vit d/calcium def
low estrogen
lack of weight bearing exercise
