Muscular system Flashcards
Names of orientation of muscles relative to midline
Rectus- parallel eg. rectus abdominis
Transverse- perpendicular eg. transverse abdominis
Oblique- diagonal eg. external oblique
3 types muscle tissue
-cardiac
-skeletal
-smooth
4 functions of muscular tissue
-movement
-structure/ stabilising body positions
-moving and storing substances in body
-generation of heat
4 properties of muscular tissue
-excitability/ responsiveness to stimuli
-contractility- ability to contract
-extensibility- ability to stetch without damage
-elasticity- ability to return to original length
Characteristics of skeletal muscle
-striated as has alternating light and dark bands
-mainly voluntary and can be consciously controlled
What is a lever
-rigid structure that moves around a fixed point (fulcrum)
-2 different forces that act on it- effort and load
Types of lever
First class:
-fulcrum between effort and load (EFL) eg. neck
Second class:
-load is between fulcrum and effort (FLE) eg. lower leg during dorsi flexion
Third class:
-most common
-effort between fulcrum and load (LEF) eg. bicep
Smallest and largest muscle suffix and example
-minimus= smallest eg. gluteus minimus
-maximus= largest eg. gluteus maximus
Long and short suffix and examples
-longus eg. adductor longus
-brevis eg. adductor brevis
Widest and longest and examples
-latissimus= widest eg. latissimus dorsi
-longissimus= longest eg. longissimus capitis
Large and larger muscle examples
-magnus= large eg. adductor magnus
-major= larger eg. pectoralis major
Huge and smaller muscles and examples
-vastus= huge eg. vastus lateralis
-minor= smaller eg. pectoralis minor
Relative shape of muscle names
-deltoid= triangle
-trapezius= trapezoid
-serratus= saw/ toothed
-quadratus= square/ 4 sides
-gracilis= slender
Supinator-
Pronator-
-turns palm anteriorly
-turns palm posteriorly
Sphincter
Tensor
Rotator
-decreases size of opening
-makes body part rigid
-rotates bone around longitudinal axis
