Axial skeleton

Question 1

What is the axial skeleton and how many bones are there

Answer 1

-bones within the central core of the body
-consists of 80 bones

Question 2

Bones within axial skeleton

Answer 2

-skull: cranial and facial portions
-thorax: sternum and ribs
-vertebral column

Question 3

Bones of skull

Answer 3

-frontal, temporal, parietal, occipital
-nasal bone- top of nose
-maxilla- upper jaw
-mandible- lower jaw
-vomer- above maxilla
-palatine- behind maxilla
-zygomatic- cheek bone
-ethmoid bone- near inner eye
-sphenoid bone- back of eye

Question 4

4 sinuses of skull

Answer 4

-frontal sinus above nose
-sphenoidal sinus- behind nose and ethmoidal sinus
-ethmoidal sinus- behind nose, in front sphenoidal sinus
-maxillary sinus- behind maxilla

Question 5

Vertebral column

Answer 5

-cervical vertebrae= top 7
-thoracic vertebrae= next 12
-lumbar vertebrae= next 5
-sacrum= next 1 formed by 5 fused vertebrae
-coccyx= contains 4 bones
-between vertebrae= intervertebral discs

Question 6

Difference in structure of cervical thoracic and lumbar vertebrae

Answer 6

-cervical has smallest vertebral body followed by thoracic then lumbar
-cervical has thickest lamina followed by thoracic then lumbar

Question 7

Sternum

Answer 7

-divided into manubrium (top) and body by sternal angle
-right at the bottom is the xiphoid process

Question 8

Ribs

Answer 8

-12 pairs of ribs
-1-7= true ribs (as attached directly to sternum by costal cartilages)
-8-10= false ribs
-11-12= floating ribs

Question 9

Abnormal curves of vertebral column

Answer 9

-scoliosis- causes spine to zig zag
-kyphosis- excessive rounding of upper back
-lordosis- excessive curve in lower back