Muscles of the Thigh II and Leg

Question 1

In general, where do the muscles of the quadriceps femoris originate and insert?

Answer 1

They all (4) start in different places, but they all insert into the tibial tuberosity on the anterior tibia

Question 2

What fours muscles compose the quadriceps femoris?

Answer 2

Rectus femoris
Vastus intermedius
Vastus lateralis
Vastus medialis

Question 3

Where does the rectus femoris begin?

Answer 3

Comes from anterior, inferior, iliac spine (crosses 2 joints)

Question 4

What movements does the rectus femoris do?

Answer 4

Extend knee (because it crosses knee)
Flexes thigh at the hip (because if crosses the hip)
When the thigh is fixed, can flex trunk

Question 5

Where is the vastus intermedius and what does it do?

Answer 5

Starts on femur, extends knee

Question 6

Where is the vastus laterals and what does it do?

Answer 6

Starts on femur, extends knee

Question 7

Where is the vastus medialis and what does it do?

Answer 7

Starts on femur, extends knee

Question 8

The quad is a powerful knee flexor or extensor?

Answer 8

Extensor

Question 9

In what anatomical view is the quad?

Answer 9

Anterior

Question 10

What are some activities that use the quadriceps femoris?

Answer 10

Used for climbing, jumping, running, rising from a seated position

Question 11

Where is the sartorius?

Answer 11

From the anterior, superior iliac spine to medial proximal tibia

Question 12

What movements does the sartorius do?

Answer 12

Flexes and laterally rotates thigh

Question 13

The sartorius is a weak knee ________.

Answer 13

Flexor

Question 14

What is the longest muscle in the body? What is its nickname?

Answer 14

Longest muscle in the body; aka tailor’s muscle

Question 15

Where is the gracilis?

Answer 15

Pubis to tibia

Question 16

What movements does the gracilis allow?

Answer 16

Adduct the thigh

Question 17

What is the most medial muscle in the thigh?

Answer 17

Gracilis

Question 18

Where do the hamstring muscles originate?

Answer 18

Ischial tuberosisty

Question 19

Where does the biceps femoris insert?

Answer 19

Fibula

Question 20

What movements does the biceps femoris do?

Answer 20

Extend thigh, flex knee, laterally rotate thigh/knee

Question 21

Where does the semimembranosus go?

Answer 21

Tibia

Question 22

What movements does the semimembranosus do?

Answer 22

Extend thigh, flex knee, medially rotate knee

Question 23

Where does the semitendinosus go?

Answer 23

Tibia

Question 24

What movements does the semitendinosus do?

Answer 24

Extend thigh, flex knee, medially rotate knee

Question 25

Which hamstring muscle is used in ACL replacement?

Answer 25

Semitendinosus

Question 26

What is the “pes anserinus”?

Answer 26

“Goose’s’ foot” common insertion for sartorius, gracilis, semitendinosus

Question 27

What are the prime movers of knee flexion?

Answer 27

Hamstrings

Question 28

Are the hamstrings flexors or extensors?

Answer 28

Flexors

Question 29

How do predators and butchers use hamstrings?

Answer 29

Predators aim for them when taking down prey. Named for butcher’s practice of hanging meat to smoke from them.

Question 30

Where is the tibialis anterior and what does it do?

Answer 30

Anterior leg
Dorsiflexes foot (pulls toes up)

Question 31

Where is the peroneus longus and what does it do?

Answer 31

Lateral leg
Plantarflex foot (toes down)
Evert foot (move toes laterally out)

Question 32

Where does the gastrocnemius originate?

Answer 32

Femur

Question 33

What movements does the gastrocnemius do?

Answer 33

Plantarflex foot (toes down)
Can flex knee

Question 34

How many heads does the gastrocnemius have?

Answer 34

2

Question 35

What movement does the soleus do?

Answer 35

Plantarflex foot (toes down)

Question 36

The soleus is _______ to the gastrocnemius.

Answer 36

Deep

Question 37

What are the compartments of the thigh and leg?

Answer 37

Compartments of the thigh and leg: From the fascia lata there are inward extensions that segregate muscles into compartments. If pressure builds up, then blood supply can be lost and muscle can die.

Question 38

What forms compartments?

Answer 38

The fascia lata

Question 39

How what disorder of the foot can follow from pressure in the anterior compartment of the leg?

Answer 39

Foot drop