Muscles of the Thigh II and Leg Flashcards
In general, where do the muscles of the quadriceps femoris originate and insert?
They all (4) start in different places, but they all insert into the tibial tuberosity on the anterior tibia
What fours muscles compose the quadriceps femoris?
Rectus femoris
Vastus intermedius
Vastus lateralis
Vastus medialis
Where does the rectus femoris begin?
Comes from anterior, inferior, iliac spine (crosses 2 joints)
What movements does the rectus femoris do?
Extend knee (because it crosses knee)
Flexes thigh at the hip (because if crosses the hip)
When the thigh is fixed, can flex trunk
Where is the vastus intermedius and what does it do?
Starts on femur, extends knee
Where is the vastus laterals and what does it do?
Starts on femur, extends knee
Where is the vastus medialis and what does it do?
Starts on femur, extends knee
The quad is a powerful knee flexor or extensor?
Extensor
In what anatomical view is the quad?
Anterior
What are some activities that use the quadriceps femoris?
Used for climbing, jumping, running, rising from a seated position
Where is the sartorius?
From the anterior, superior iliac spine to medial proximal tibia
What movements does the sartorius do?
Flexes and laterally rotates thigh
The sartorius is a weak knee ________.
Flexor
What is the longest muscle in the body? What is its nickname?
Longest muscle in the body; aka tailor’s muscle
Where is the gracilis?
Pubis to tibia
What movements does the gracilis allow?
Adduct the thigh
What is the most medial muscle in the thigh?
Gracilis
Where do the hamstring muscles originate?
Ischial tuberosisty
Where does the biceps femoris insert?
Fibula
What movements does the biceps femoris do?
Extend thigh, flex knee, laterally rotate thigh/knee
Where does the semimembranosus go?
Tibia
What movements does the semimembranosus do?
Extend thigh, flex knee, medially rotate knee
Where does the semitendinosus go?
Tibia
What movements does the semitendinosus do?
Extend thigh, flex knee, medially rotate knee
Which hamstring muscle is used in ACL replacement?
Semitendinosus
What is the “pes anserinus”?
“Goose’s’ foot” common insertion for sartorius, gracilis, semitendinosus
What are the prime movers of knee flexion?
Hamstrings
Are the hamstrings flexors or extensors?
Flexors
How do predators and butchers use hamstrings?
Predators aim for them when taking down prey. Named for butcher’s practice of hanging meat to smoke from them.
Where is the tibialis anterior and what does it do?
Anterior leg Dorsiflexes foot (pulls toes up)
Where is the peroneus longus and what does it do?
Lateral leg Plantarflex foot (toes down) Evert foot (move toes laterally out)
Where does the gastrocnemius originate?
Femur
What movements does the gastrocnemius do?
Plantarflex foot (toes down) Can flex knee
How many heads does the gastrocnemius have?
2
What movement does the soleus do?
Plantarflex foot (toes down)
The soleus is _______ to the gastrocnemius.
Deep
What are the compartments of the thigh and leg?
Compartments of the thigh and leg: From the fascia lata there are inward extensions that segregate muscles into compartments. If pressure builds up, then blood supply can be lost and muscle can die.
What forms compartments?
The fascia lata
How what disorder of the foot can follow from pressure in the anterior compartment of the leg?
Foot drop
