Muscles I Flashcards
What the the origin of a muscle?
Muscle attachment at the relatively stationary end
What is the insertion of a muscle?
Muscle attachment at the relatively mobile end
What is the belly of a muscle?
The thicker middle portion of the muscle
A ______ attaches muscle to bone; a _______ attaches bone to bone.
Tendon
Ligament
What is an aponeurosis?
A white, flattened, tendinous expansion
What is dissection?
To separate muscles cleanly from adjacent muscles
What is transection?
To cut a muscle in half, mid-belly
Rotate away from midline is ….
abduction
Rotate towards midline is ….
adduction
What is supination?
Rotate and “carry the soup”
What is pronation?
Rotate and “drop the soup”
What is protraction?
Move forward in a plane, eg jaw
What is retraction?
Move backwards in a plane, eg jaw
Moving finger to the thumb is …..
Opposition
What is rotation distal end around a stationary end?
Circumduction
What is a muscle synergist?
Muscles that work together to cause movement
What is an example of muscle synergy?
Biceps brachii and brachialis
What is a muscle antagonist?
Muscles that work in opposition to another muscle
What is an example of antagonistic muscles?
biceps brachii and triceps
What is a fixator muscle?
Stabilizing joints as other movements go on
How is the shape of a muscle defined?
By the direction of the fascicles
What is a circular muscle?
When contracts, the opening gets smaller
What is an example of a circular muscle?
orbicularis oris (around mouth), orbicularis oculi (around eye)
What is an example of a fusiform muscle?
biceps brachii
What is an example of a convergent muscle?
pectoralis major
What is an example of a straight muscle?
superior rectus, rectus abdominis
What is a muscle named by location?
brachialis because brachium is the arm;
palmaris brevis is the hypothenar eminence, on the medial hand
What is a muscle named by size?
Gluteus maximus
What is a muscle named by shape?
teres minor; teres major
What is a muscle named for its origin and insertion?
sternocleidomastoid
What are muscles named for the number of heads?
biceps brachii-2; triceps- 3
What is a muscle named for its function?
abductor digiti minimi
