Muscles of the Neck

Question 1

Brachiocephalicus functions to (2)

Answer 1

Pull foreleg forward when head and neck are fixed

Pull head down and back when foreleg fixed (stance phase)

Question 2

The brachiocephalicus forms the upper contour of the

Answer 2

Jugular groove

Must stretch a horse’s neck before riding

Question 3

Omotransversarius functions to…

Answer 3

Bring the leg forward

Question 4

Both brachio and omo turn the head

Answer 4

Laterally

Question 5

The counterbalance to omo and brachio is

Answer 5

Nuchal ligament and its laminae

Question 6

Function of the Latissimus dorsi and teres major?

Answer 6

To draw the forelimb backward, flexing the shoulder joint at the same time

Question 7

L. dorsi connects to teres major connects to what bone?

Answer 7

Humerus

Question 8

Why should you saddle horses only with well-fitting saddles?

Answer 8

Forces that converge on the shoulder are enormous

Question 9

Name muscles that move forelimb forward (BOSBBECTSS)

Answer 9

Brachiocephalicus
Omotransversarius
Sternomandibularis
Biceps brachii
Brachialis
Ext. carpi radialis
Common and Lateral digital extensor
Subclavicus
Supraspinatus
Thoracic portion of trapezius

Question 10

The sternomandibularis helps the horse…

Answer 10

Lower his head

Question 11

Muscles that bring the leg forward tend to stay on…

Answer 11

LATERAL side and front side of leg

Question 12

The trapezius muscle (both portions) contributes to the…

Answer 12

Pendulum swing of the foreleg

Question 13

Name muscles that move forelimb backward (8)

Answer 13

Latissimus dorsi
Teres major
Subscapularis
Cervical portion of trapezius
Rhomboideus
Long and lateral head of triceps brachii
Flexor carpi radialis and ulnaris
Deep digital and superficial digital flexor

Question 14

Muscles that move the foreleg backward tend to stay on…

Answer 14

MEDIAL side and caudal side of leg

Question 15

The rhomboideus functions to

Answer 15

Pull the scapula forward (to draw limb backwards)

Question 16

The serratus ventralis function to

Answer 16

Bring the horse up to go onto the next stride

Question 17

Serratus ventralis is custom-made to… (What effect is this?)

Answer 17

Elasticize the strides as horse’s limbs hit the ground/Spreads force (Trampoline effect)

Question 18

Serratus ventralis helps to provide a…

Answer 18

Springboard from which to launch the stride into the next phase

Question 19

Serratus ventralis muscles also function to

Answer 19

Brace the chest for take-off

Question 20

Pectoral muscles function to

Answer 20

Cushion the chest on impact

Question 21

In horses that have lost suppleness in their back or neck muscles, the deep pectoral muscle becomes…

Answer 21

Deep and painful. Such horses often resent being girthed up

Question 22

Muscles that help to suspend the forelimb (3)

Answer 22

Serratus ventralis
Pectoral muscles
Subclavicus

Question 23

Pulling the limb backwards is called

Answer 23

Retraction

Question 24

Drawing the limb forwards is called

Answer 24

Protraction