Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Equine Anatomy > Muscles of the Hindlimb > Flashcards

Muscles of the Hindlimb Flashcards

1
Q

Long and Lateral digital extensors located on front of hindlimb function to

A

Flex the hock Extend the digit

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Deep digital flexor muscle and tendon and Superficial digital flexor muscle located on back of the hindlimb function to

A

Extend the hock Flex the digit

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

When fascia is injured….

A

Scar tissue develops which effectively glues individual muscles together, creating adhesions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Extensor retinaculums function to

A

Keep muscles and tendons in place

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Where it passes underneath a retinaculum, each tendon…

A

Is enclosed in a lubricated sheath of connective tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

The whole body is enveloped in broad expanses of

A

Fascia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Fascia is connective tissue that contains

A

A mesh of collagen and elastic fibers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

The mesh of fascia gives the fascia

A

High tensile strength

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

The presence of fascia protects the layers of muscles and ensures that their….

A

Surfaces slide past each other without interference

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

In the hindlimb, the structure of the fascia play an important role in…

A

Movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

The fascia has fibrous attachments to bone surfaces and ligaments and serve as…

A

A place of insertion for powerful muscles of hindquarters

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Unlike those of the upper forelimb, many muscles of the upper hindlimb do not attach directly to _____, instead they use _____

A

The bones, fascia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Muscles of the hindlimb pull on the _____ and _____ pulls on the joint.

A

Pull on the fascia and the fascia pulls on the joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Biceps femoris

A

Extends hip and stifle thus also extending the hock

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

One head of biceps femoris begins at _____ and the other at _____

A

Sacrum and Ischiatic tuberosity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Insertions of biceps femoris

A

Femur, lateral patellar ligament, fascia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

The biceps femoris can be an…

A

Abductor (turns the leg outwards and to the side)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

When hindleg in stance phase, biceps femoris…

A

Pushes body forwards, and if necessary turns body on hindquarters

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Semitendinosus muscle has two origins…

A

Sacrum and Ischiatic tuberosity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Insertions of semitendinosus

A

Partly on tibia, partly in fascia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

In the stance phase, semitendinosus muscles…

A

Extends hip, stifle and hock

Pushes body forwards

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

In the swing phase, the semitendinosus…

A

Flexes the stifle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

The semitendinosus is an…

A

Adductor (impedes leg from splaying out)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Any ridden movement that requires the horse to _____ relies on the power of semitendinosus and biceps femoris, but also on the strength and elasticity of the fascia.

A

Push body forwards

25
Q

Semitendinosus is on the _____ of the leg.

A

Inside

26
Q

Semimembranosus begins at the

A

Ischiatic tuberosity

27
Q

The action of semimembranosus supports that of the biceps femoris and semitendinosus muscles by…

A

Extending the hip and stifle joints and pushing the body forward in the stance phase of the stride

28
Q

When the foot is off the ground, the semimembranosus

A

Flexes the stifle and pulls the tibia backward

29
Q

Name the 4 adductor muscles

A

Pectineus, adductor, gracilis, and sartorius muscles

30
Q

The adductor muscles bring the leg…

A

Toward the midline

31
Q

The adductor muscles lie…

A

Under the pelvis

32
Q

The adductor muscles assist in…

A

The flexion of hip and stifle joints (to prevent legs from splaying out)

33
Q

What muscles are most important in the ridden horse?

A

Psoas and Iliopsoas muscles

34
Q

The psoas and iliopsoas group sit

A

Underneath lumber vertebrae and connect to the pelvis

35
Q

The psoas and iliopsoas muscles will _____ when rider mounts which doesn’t _____

A

Tense which doesn’t brace or lower the pelvis

36
Q

For movement to happen, the hindleg needs to be brought _____ (pelvis need to _____)

A

Brought underneath (pelvis needs to lower)

37
Q

The psoas and iliopsoas function to

A

Lower the pelvis

Brace pelvis

Bring hindleg forward

38
Q

For horse to bring his leg under his body, the pelvis must be lowered and the lumber spine must be stabilized. This is the responsibility of…

A

The psoas and iliopsoas muscles

39
Q

The _____ and _____ are responsible for lowering the pelvis and bracing the spine when the hindlimb muscles push the body forward.

A

Psoas and iliopsoas muscles

40
Q

The horse’s natural response to the weight of the saddle and rider is to…

A

Tense these muscles which prevents him from stepping under with the hindlegs

41
Q

If the psoas and iliopsoas muscles never soften or supple, the horse will…

A

Never engage his hindquarters correctly

42
Q

Good way to “unlock” psoas and iliopsoas

A

Warm-up exercises

43
Q

The superficial gluteus and tensor fascia lata muscles are interconnected along their borders and both originate at…

A

Coxal tuberosity

44
Q

The superficial gluteus is anchored in the _____. It uses this to _____.

A

Fascia glutea; Flex the hip; Abducts the limb

45
Q

The tensor fascia lata is anchored in the fascia lata, _____. This _____ and _____.

A

Tightening the fascia; This flexes the hip and extends the stifle

46
Q

Middle gluteus will _____ and _____. It uses the _____ as a lever.

A

Extend the hip and stretch the limb backward; Uses greater trochanter

47
Q

The middle gluteus has an extension, _____, which…

A

Gluteal tongue which feeds into the lumbar portion of the longissimus muscle

48
Q

The middle gluteus transmits the push of b. femoris, semitendinosus and semimembranosis to the _____ and _____

A

Lumbar region and back muscles

49
Q

In the unridden and/or untrained horse, natural muscle bulk favors the _____ and _____ muscles.

A

Middle gluteus and biceps femoris

50
Q

Middle gluteus and biceps femoris have the power to propel the body _____ and the suspension of the _____, protects the forelimb from _____.

A

Propel body forwards, suspension of the chest muscles, protects the forelimb from concussion

51
Q

In horses that are ridden, the chest muscles alone do not have the capacity to _____ when it is combined with the rider’s weight.

A

Suspend the forelimb

52
Q

What muscle contributions are important in the ridden horse?

A

Tensor fascia lata

Superficial gluteus

Quadriceps femoris

53
Q

Step 1: Superficial gluteus and tensor fascia lata muscles used to _____

A

FLEX the hip

54
Q

Step 2: Semitendinosus function to _____ and whole limb is brought under the horse.

A

Flexes stifle

55
Q

Step 3: The fascia reinforces the action of the _____ as it begins to _____.

A

Action of the quadriceps muscle as it begins to extend the stifle

56
Q

Step 4: The extension of the stifle and whole limb is then taken over by the….

A

B. femoris, semitendinosus, and semimembranosus muscles

57
Q

How do you strengthen a horse’s back muscles?

A

More exercises to increase topline NOT more eating more

58
Q

Poor development of tensor fascia lata, quadriceps femoris always means _____ which leads to _____

A

Poor impulsion which leads to stifle wear or back pain

59
Q
A

Equine Anatomy (25 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions