Joints and Tendons

Question 0

Type and form of joints determined by _____ and _____.

Answer 0

Their function and degree of mobility

Question 1

A joint occurs when….

Answer 1

2 or more bones meet

Question 2

Not all joints are constructed to allow..

Answer 2

Movement

Question 3

What are the 3 types of joints?

Answer 3

Synovial, cartilaginous and fibrous joints

Question 4

Fixed joints composed of fibrous connective tissue between bones

Answer 4

Fibrous joints

Question 5

What is an example of a fibrous joint?

Answer 5

Skull suture

Question 6

Epiphyseal (growth) plates in long bones before ossification and fibro-cartilaginous disk (intervertebral disks)

Answer 6

Cartilaginous joints

Question 7

Free-moving joints, bones are connected by fibrous capsule. Bone ends are covered by cartilage, which in conjunction with synovial fluids, reduces friction

Answer 7

Synovial joints

Question 8

What are joint examples that meet at more than 2 bones?

Answer 8

Knee, hock and coffin joints

Question 9

Resembles a sponge, has peaks and valleys, with synovial fluid in the valleys.

Answer 9

Articular cartilage

Question 10

Articular cartilage can withstand…

Answer 10

Compression

Question 11

Articular cartilage is _____.

Answer 11

Shock-absorbing

Question 12

Surface of articular cartilage is _____, _____ and _____.

Answer 12

Wear-resistant, elastic and low friction

Question 13

Secreted by the synovial membrane. Functions to provide a liquid environment for the articular cartilage.

Answer 13

Synovial fluid

Question 14

Synovial fluid also acts as…

Answer 14

Lubricant and helps to reduce friction and erosion of joint surfaces

Question 15

Articular cartilage allows…

Answer 15

Gliding

Question 16

Synovial fluid has chains full of…

Answer 16

Sulfur and hyaluronic acid

Question 17

Synovial fluid becomes _____ when a horse is stiff in its stall and is brought out of the barn.

Answer 17

Viscous (Explains the cracking you hear at first when you walk your horse out)

Question 18

When you compress, _____ comes out of the valleys.

Answer 18

Water

Question 19

The joints have specific mechanical shapes and these rigorously …

Answer 19

Define the parameters of movement

Question 20

Muscles may converge on a joint from all directions, but if a joint is designed to be a hinge, then it is physically incapable of…

Answer 20

Behaving like a ball and socket

Question 21

If a joint has a wide range of movement, it must rely heavily on…

Answer 21

Muscles to protect it from injury (ex: hip joint)

Question 22

The distinctive shape of joints provide valuable clues to the mechanical possibilities of the…

Answer 22

Muscles that move them

Question 23

All movement is the result of contraction of _____ across a movable joint.

Answer 23

Skeletal muscle

Question 24

When one muscle contracts, the opposite…

Answer 24

Passively relaxes

Question 25

Muscles must be understood in the context of their…

Answer 25

Skeletal attachments

Question 26

The movement produced by a muscle is strictly limited by…

Answer 26

Its size, shape and placement in relation to the skeleton

Question 27

The movement of a joint is limited by a _____

Answer 27

Joint’s shape