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CSUS Speech-Language Pathology > Multicultural Exam 2 > Flashcards

Multicultural Exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q

hi

A

hi

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2
Q

Origins of Asia

A 
East Asia (Japan, Korea, China)
Southeast Asia (Philippines, Thailand, Indonesia, etc)
South Asia (Pakistan, India, Sri Lanka)
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3
Q

Key Religions of Asia

A

Buddhism, Taoism, Confucianism

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4
Q

Pacific Island Customs and Courtesies

A

hospitality, generosity and sharing. relaxed towards life.

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5
Q

With PIs, education is based on

A

oral learning

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6
Q

PI children are taught to _______, not to be _____________ and ________

A

conform
individualistic
creative

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7
Q

For PIs, things are done in ______, not ____________

A

groups

individually

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8
Q

some guam schools close because of high…

A

teacher absenteeism

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9
Q

PIs think children should go to work ASAP because higher degrees are a ___ priority

A

low

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10
Q

with PIs, there is a lot of ___ and children may be exposed to _______ from seafood

A

OME

mercury

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11
Q

Mokuau & Tauili’ili: Samoans often take ________ ______ and church more seriously than money, school and career

A

extended family

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12
Q

with PIs, there is a lot of ___ and children may be exposed to _______ from seafood

A

OME

mercury

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13
Q

Samoan, there is ___________ for disabilities

A

intolerance

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14
Q

Hawaii: disabilities have a _________ cause

A

spiritual

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15
Q

Hawaiians have _______ _______ who use prayer, massage and herbs

A

medical experts

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16
Q

Many PIs will say what they think the listener wants to hear in order to not ______ them

A

offend

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17
Q

2016 (consumer.healthday.com): ______ is leading cause of death among PIs because they are less likely to be diagnosed with it before it spreads

A

cancer

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18
Q

Research of Schieffelin Ochs compared American and Samoan mothers

A

Samoan children expected to accommodate to parents, US mothers accommodate to children (motherese)

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19
Q

PI language is unfluenced by…

A

culture

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20
Q

In PI languages, the apostrophe is pronounced as a _______ ____

A

glottal stop

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21
Q

some children speak ______ English/Hawaiian ______ and need support in acquiring formal english

A

Pidgin

Creole

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22
Q

PI Implications for SLPs

A
  • fully explain requiring signatures
  • be careful reuqesting parents to come to school
  • collective rather than individualistic storytelling
  • explain pragmatic rules in US culture
  • reinforce literacy
  • provide cooperative learning opportunities
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23
Q

In the written languages of PIs, letters for vowels represent ___ sound

A

one

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24
Q

In PI, consonants are _________ or close ______________ to their English equivalents. In Samoan, the “g” is pronounced “__”

A

identical
approximations
ng

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25
Q

Pew Research center 2017 (Asian)

A

Asian immigrants projected to become the largest born group in US by 2025

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26
Q

Indian Brahmin system

A

Are highest in Caste System (not religion)
Represent wealthy people
High priority on careers in science, medicine

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27
Q

Former student Harpreet

A

Lighter skinned Indians in middle school would not let her associate with them
Bullied because she is darker

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28
Q

Sonam R. 2016 (Asian)

A

NO intermarriage between castes

If so, ch of marriage are lower caste

29
Q

Traditional Asian beliefs, values, practices

A

Fatalism, Tradition, living with the past; group welfare; mutual interdependence; Hierarchy; Conformity; dependence on family; parent is authority

30
Q

Many Asian families believe…

A

Self expression is not important; learn by observation not exploration; Best seen not heard

31
Q

Fidela B. 2016 (Asian)

A

Under a lot of pressure to get married

32
Q

Asian Customs and Courtesies

A

Hospitality
Respect for elders, teachers, authority figures
Modesty, humility

33
Q

Asian Communication Styles

A

Based on relative status of interlocutors
Appropriate to ask personal questions
Indirectness often the norm
Smile/ laugh when embarrassed/ angry

34
Q

Key Filipino Cultural Values

A

Amor proprio= repect/ saving face so no one is ashamed

Pakikisama= good feelings, getting along-preserving harmony

35
Q

Asian Health Care and Disabilities

A

Invisible disabilities not always acknowledged (language impairment)
Disabilities–> fate, karma, sins
Families may be ashamed to bring child for help

36
Q

As SLPs…for Asians

A

We may have trouble getting families to acknowledge disabilities and sign IEPs for special education services

37
Q

Asian Education

A

Highly valued

Asian children attend preschool at a higher rate than other groups

38
Q

Asians in U.S have the highest rates of:

A

College degree attainment
# of persons with advance degrees
Working in highly skilled occupations

39
Q

Asians in CA

A

40% Hmong, 38% Laotians, and 35% of Cambodians don’t complete high school
- due to poverty

40
Q

In most Asian countries there is…

A 
Great respect for teachers
Heavy reliance on rote learning, memorization
Teachers are very authoritarian
Class is formal; teacher lectures
Teachers don't admit mistakes
41
Q

Difference- Asian v American schools

A

Long days, but lots of recess
3x more American than Asian mothers satisfied with progress
U.S ch rank themselves higher academically

42
Q

Abboud & Kim (Asian)

A 
Role of Asian ch in families
1) respect elders
2) obey parents
3) work hard/ do well in school
Asian parents put academics first over sports etc
43
Q

Asian Language Considerations

A
  • Many languages have numerous dialects
  • Khmer( Cambodia), Japanese, Korean– not tonal languages
    Vietnamese, Chinese, Laotians are tonal
    Vietnamese has 6 tones
44
Q

Asian implications for professionals

A
  • Need to address husband first
  • intervention may be rejected bc disgrace for family to admit disability
  • not open to early intervention
45
Q

Asian children in classroom

A

Teach “home” and “school” rules for talking
Analyze expressive lang thru writing not speaking
-Some prefer structural drill tx than games

46
Q

To, Stokes, Cheug, & T’sou research found (Asian):

A
  • Narratives skills strong predictors of later lang outcomes
  • Narative assess can be reliably and validly standardized for use with Cantonese- Speaking ch
  • Cantonese ch w/ SLI- great difficulty using syntactic complexity when telling stories
  • ch showed limited ability to present as many ideas
  • Used nonspecific terms
47
Q

Important for us to understand Filipinos…

A
  • in 2000, there wer 24,516 filipinos in Sacramento

- Now increased to 41,455

48
Q

Bahala na

A

Leave it to God, its out of your hands

49
Q

Former student Tasha Ketphanh- Laos:

A

Education not important- work in rice fields
Never look at adult in face
Don’t touch peoples heads
Jewelry is big

50
Q

Middle eastern Negative stereotypes

A

Oil
Mean people
Dark Skin
Terrorism

51
Q

Middle eastern rescue.org 2017

A

civil war in Syria has been one of the most largest drivers of global refugee crisis. Has left 65 million people displaced.

52
Q

Middle East language considerations

A
  • arabic is the worlds 6th most common language
  • has many dialects
  • Arabic is language of Koran
  • All Muslims use Arabic in their daily prayers
  • 29 letters
53
Q

Middle eastern Health and Disabilities

A
  • Family intermarriage is linked to large number of childhood disorders
  • Mothers feel ashamed of disabled children, father feels defeat, lack of family pride–> leads to abandonment
54
Q

2016 Miriam A. from Palestine & Lebanon (mom from Yemen)

A
  • Aunt in Lebanon with Down Syndrome
  • There have never been any services
  • Family takes care of her, does everything for her
55
Q

Asmahan M. 2016 (Palestine)

A
  • The Eastern Orthodox Christian community does not talk about disabilities
  • People look down on those with disabilities
  • If it is an invisible disability like lang. impairment, very hard to explain
56
Q

Middle eastern family life

A
  • Ch brought up to live interdependently
  • Identify define by family achievement
  • mothers willing for ch to be hugged, picked up
  • More flexible about time line sleeping, eating, toilet training
  • less freedom for independent exploration
  • ch not permitted to make independent decisions
  • Respect: old age, wisdom, spiritual maturity
57
Q

Other Facts about Middle eastern culture

A

-Family is primary focus of loyalty
-Arranged marriages are common
May be intermarriage in some areas
-Polygamy in some countries like Iran
-Patriarchal; father is head of household
-Women submit to and serve husbands

58
Q

2016 Thoraia A. from Yemen:

A
  • definitely arrange marriages
  • Arabs–> lots of emphasis on lineage and tribal background
  • Even if a family has a lot of money, if they are from a lower lineage, marriage to someone from a higher lineage if forbidden
59
Q

Neeka G., 2016, Iran:

A
  • Boys are on pedestals—they grow up spoiled and careless

- Her brother simply refused to speak out in class or to authority figures—they thought he was delayed

60
Q

Sharifzadeh: Iran

A
  • Fathers–very little responsibility for infants and young children
  • “Men view themselves as responsible for providing the material necessities and for making major arrangements but do not engage in day-to-day caregiving…” (p. 412-413)
61
Q

Middle Eastern Cultural Customs and Courtesies

A
  • Conservative countries: Iran, Syria, Saudi Arabia
  • Liberal countries: Turkey, Lebanon, Pakistan
  • Sheriat–legal system based on Koran
  • Hospitality very high priority
  • Left hand considered unclean
62
Q

What women cannot do in Saudi Arabia

A
  • Go anywhere without a male chaperone
  • Drive a car
  • Vote in elections (however, in 2015, a royal decree let them vote in local elections)
  • Swim
  • Compete freely in sports
  • Try on clothes while shopping
63
Q

Middle Eastern Communication Styles

A
  • Men and women may not make eye contact or even socialize together in public
  • Speaking loudly is acceptable
  • Arabs try to speak eloquently and creatively; a communication disorder has very negative consequences
  • Poets held in very high esteem in Arab societies**
  • People stand close during conversations
  • It’s acceptable to tune out during conversations
64
Q

Middle eastern education and Literacy

A
  • Many U.S. Arabs are highly educated
  • More than 40% have a Bachelor’s degree or higher compared with 24% of the general population
  • Literacy rates vary widely among Arab nations
65
Q

Neeka G., Iran, 2016:

A
  • She’d get a 95% on a test, and her dad would say “what happened to the other 5%?”
  • Dad: being an SLP is silly- its just about books and toys
66
Q

Literacy may not be as high a priority in Middle Eastern…

A
  • For women and girls
  • And co-ed schools are very uncommon in many middle Eastern countries
  • In the U.S., parents may be uncomfortable with the freedom allowed to girls
67
Q

Middle Eastern Implications for SLP’s

A
  • There are approximately 100 Arab SLPs worldwide
  • Families may be uncomfortable receiving outside assistance
  • Family might not be familiar with SLPs and our services
68
Q

Asmahan N. 2016: (Palestine)

A
  • She was going to be a doctor, and her mom was very angry and devastated when she wanted to become an SLP
  • Mom felt much better when Asmahan showed her the anatomy and physiology book and said “Nurses study this too!”
69
Q

Afeefa Mikbel; former student; Palestinian Muslim/Arab American

A
  • Wears a hijab- has been called a terrorist
  • “Go back to where you came from”
  • Kids followed her from school
  • She was terrified to go to lunch– mom had to come and pick her up

CSUS Speech-Language Pathology (23 decks)

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