Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

CSUS Speech-Language Pathology > Aural Rehab Exam 1 > Flashcards

Aural Rehab Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

hi

A

hi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Sales Orientation

A

Based on persuading patients to obtain hearing aids and services –> box stores/ dispensaries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Patient- Centered Orientation

A

takes into account patient preferences, values and needs. Each patient can experience problems at different degrees/ cope differently

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Patient Journey (6 stages)

A

Pre-awareness, Awareness, Movement, Diagnosis, Rehabilitation, Resolution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Pre-awareness

A

Few people anticipate to suffer hearing loss. Family and friends notice hearing loss symptoms. Average 5-7 years between onset and diagnosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Awareness

A

Happens gradually. Can take days to years. Patients start to notice signs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Movement

A

patient consult family doctor, friends, or research hearing loss online. Start to moving to consultation of professional

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Diagnosis

A

audiologist will identify and quantify hearing loss. Many patients will expect a quick tx and complete cure before realizing it is permanent.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Rehabilitation

A

Receive counseling, hearing aids, cochlear implants, psychosocial support, assertiveness training and more

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Resolution

A

adjusted to hearing loss. Either accept it or move back to rehab.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

World Health Organization (WHO) model

A

Health Condition - sensorineural hearing loss
Body structure - loss of hair cells in the cochlea
Body function - inability to hear speech sounds
Activity - ability to understand speech in noise
Activity restriction - inability to understand speech in noise
Participation - meetings, parties and dinners
Participation restriction - avoidance of these social gatherings because of inability to understand speech in noise.
Personal - cost and feelings
Environmental - transportation, medical provider location

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Profound HL

A

90+ dB

-hears very loud or no sound, may perceive sound as vibrations, rely on vision.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

1) Diagnosis

A

permanent hearing loss (counseling) - only tx for SNHL is amplification and aural rehabilitation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

2) Provision of Listening Devices

A 
(counseling)
Amplification - Hearing Aid
Cochlear Implants
Bone Anchored Hearing Aids
Assistive Listening Devices (ALD) fitting
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

5 step approach to EBP

A

1) ask a straightforward question
2) find best evidence to answer the question
3) critically assess evidence, decide if it applies to patient
4) integrate evidence with clinical judgement and patient values
5) evaluate the performance of the plan

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

5 dimensions of Hearing Loss

A

1) Degree
2) Configuration
3) Type (etiology)
4) Onset
5) Time Course

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Degree of HL

A

how much loss there is

mild, moderate, severe, profound

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Mild HL

A

25-39 dB

-difficulty understanding speech with background noise or when it is soft/distant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Onset of HL

A

when it occured

-congenital (birth), pre-lingual, peri-lingual (3-5 years), post-lingual, acquired, presbycusis (age-related)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Severe HL

A

70-89 dB

  • relies of face to face and known topic; hears loud/shouted speech.
  • with amp: recognize some speech and detect environmental sounds
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Profound HL

A

90+ dB

-hears very loud or no sound, may perceive sound as vibrations, rely on vision.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Configuration of HL

A

reflects extent of HL at each audiometric frequency tested.
-low/med/high frequency, flat HL, sloping, reverse or upward sloping, left corner, bilateral/unilateral, symmetrical/asymmertical

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Type (etiology) of HL

A

conductive, sensorineural, mixed, central

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Conductive HL

A

obstruction in outer or middle ear.

-usually acquired

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

If the ACT is outside normal limits and the BCT is outside normal limits but the BCT is better than the ACT by 10+dB, then the loss is…

A

Mixed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Mixed HL

A

combination of conductive and sensorineural loss

-congenital or acquired

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Central HL

A

hearing loss with normal peripheral function

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Onset of HL

A

when it occured

-congenital (birth), pre-lingual, peri-lingual (3-5 years), post-lingual, acquired, presbycusis (age-related)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Counseling

A
  1. Helps patients better understand and solve their hearing related problems. 2. Better self disclosure/ acceptance 3. Reduced stress and discouragement.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Informational (content) counseling

A

Info is given to patient about hearing loss; hearing disability and management. (Given examples of what can go wrong, Concrete instructions, recommendations, etc)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Personal adjustment counseling

A

focus of psychological; social and emotional acceptance of the hearing loss (target counseling). Based on the well patient model. focus on adjustment and acceptance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Cognitive Approach

A 
Modify thought process
Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT)
* Solution orientated therapy
* identify activating event or adversity
* Evaluate event
* Dispute negative feeling. Etc
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

patient response format: Closed Sets

A

provide limited set of response choices; easier than open sets. used for testing cochlear implants.

34
Q

Affective Approach

A

Modify emotions; Focus on feelings and fostering emotional adjustment. Find congruence with self. Use unconditional; positive regard. Employ empathetic understanding

35
Q

Time Course of HL

A

how does the loss change over time?

-stable, sudden, progressive or rapidly progressive

36
Q

If ACT is within normal limits and BCT for that same frequency are within normal limits and don’t differ from one another by 10+ dB, then this individual has…

A

normal hearing

37
Q

If ACT is in normal range and BCT is in normal range, but the BCT is better than ACT by 10+dB, then there is …

A

Conductive Dysfunction and referral is required

38
Q

If ACT is outside normal limits and BCT is within normal limits, and BCT is 10+dB better than the ACT, then the loss is…

A

Conductive

39
Q

Amplifier

A

Increases sound intensity. almost all are digital and replaced analog versions. 3 stages to amplification process: preamplifier, signal-processing and output stage

40
Q

If the ACT is outside normal limits and the BCT is outside normal limits but the BCT is better than the ACT by 10+dB, then the loss is…

A

Mixed

41
Q

Receiver

A

Is an output transducer that changes electrical voltage back into sound pressure. sounds are converted back into acoustic energy; can be described as a mini loudspeaker or a microphone in reverse

42
Q

Spondee

A

2 syllable words with equal stress on each syllable

43
Q

SDS

A

speech discrimination scores

44
Q

WRS

A

word recognition scores

45
Q

MCL

A

most comfortable loudness level

46
Q

UCL

A

uncomfortable loudness level

47
Q

patient response format: Open Sets

A

no response choices and no contextual cues are provided to patients

48
Q

patient response format: Closed Sets

A

provide limited set of response choices; easier than open sets. used for testing cochlear implants.

49
Q

Signal/Speech to noise ratio

A

the level of signal you want to listen to v. everything else that is just noise

  • speech stimuli: 10 dB louder than noise = +10 SNR
  • speech stimuli: 10 dB softer than noise = -10 SNR
50
Q

Dynamic Range

A

the difference between threshold of discomfort and threshold of audibility

51
Q

3 aspects of understanding

A

1) the loudness of things
2) tuning of things
3) processing of things

52
Q

CROS

A

Contralateral Routing of Signal (AC or BC)

  • used with unilateral and single sided deafness
  • no useable hearing in bad ear
  • normal or near normal hearing in good ear
53
Q

BICROS

A

Bilateral Contralateral Routing of Signal

- No useable hearing in bad ear, but there is hearing in the better ear as well

54
Q

BAHS

A

Bone Anchored Hearing System

- 2 uses: conductive/mixed HL when Air conduction hearing aid is contraindicated; and SSD

55
Q

BAHS involves…

A

inserting a titanium screw into the mastoid area behind the ear

provides hearing by bone conduction

56
Q

Psychosocial Support

A

Helps patient manage psychological and social difficulties associated with their hearing loss. Aimed to increase self-acceptance; self- confidence. Helps understand how hearing loss impacts life

57
Q

Microphone

A

May be directional or omnidirectional. Can be switched between (some automatically according to environment)

58
Q

Directional

A

more sensitive to sound originating front of the user rather than the back. These enhance the signal-to-noise ratio and are better in noisy environments

59
Q

Omnidirectional

A

sensitive to sound from all directions

60
Q

Amplifier

A

almost all are digital and replaced analog versions. 3 stages to amplification process: preamplifier, signal-processing and output stage

61
Q

Peak- clipping

A

limits loud noises from passing through but may introduce distortion

62
Q

Receiver

A

sounds are converted back into acoustic energy; can be described as a mini loudspeaker or a microphone in reverse

63
Q

BTE

A

Behind the ear. Mild to profound. Flexible/ customizable. Fewer feedback problems, easy maintenance

64
Q

RITE

A

Receiver in the ear. Mild to severe. Small casing behind the ear, short receiver sits in ear. Custom fit, cosmetic appeal and may distort sound of user’s voice

65
Q

ITE

A

In the ear. Mild to Severe. fit in external ear

66
Q

ITC

A

In the canla. Mild to moderately-severe. Fits in external ear. fill less of cochlea that ITE. Custom fit, cosmetic appeal and may distort sound of user’s voice

67
Q

CIC

A

Completely in the canal. Inside ear canal, remote control for adjustment, reduces feedback and improves localization, virtually invisible, distort sound of user’s voice and high maintenance.

68
Q

How to fit hearing aid GOAL

A

make soft sound audible, moderate sound clear and comfortable, and loud sound should be loud but not uncomfortable.

69
Q

Monaural

A

One hearing aid

70
Q

Binaural

A

2 hearing aids. eliminates head shadow, loudness summation

71
Q

Linear processing

A

1 for 1 relationship for input vs output.

72
Q

Output

A

what comes out of the receiver- linear processing happens in between

73
Q

Processing Gain

A

consistent across intensities, up until saturation point

74
Q

Peak clipping

A

clipping of peaks of signal that reaches saturation level (point where an amplifier no longer provides an increase in output compared to input)

75
Q

Compression processing

A

varying output as a function of input. Louder inputs not given the same gain as softer inputs. Goal= decrease dynamic range of sound environment so that all sound can be placed in the REDUCED dynamic range

76
Q

Transducer

A

anything that changes one form of energy into another

77
Q

Microphone

A

input transducer that changes sound pressure (audio) into variations in electrical voltage (electronic signal)

78
Q

Compression Threshold

A

the input sound pressure level (SPL) at which compression is activated

79
Q

Compression Ratio

A

degree of gain reduction for signals above the kneepoint . Squeeze sounds in the environment into the restricted dynamic range of indivi.

80
Q

Input Compression

A

reduced gain of the hearing aid based on input level (before the processing)

81
Q

Output Compression

A

reduces gain to limit the output (after the processing)

CSUS Speech-Language Pathology (23 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions