MSK 27 - Posterior Abdominal Wall, Pelvis, and Clinical-I Flashcards
What are the upper and lower boundaries of the abdominopelvic cavity?
Upper boundary is the thoraco-abdominal diaphragm
Lower boundary is the pelvic diaphragm
What divides the abdominal and pelvic cavities?
Where do the three pelvic bones fuse and when?
The Ilium, Ischium, and Pubis fuse at the acetabulum during adolescence
What bones and articulations make up the pelvic girdle?
Differentiate the “true pelvis” from the “false pelvis.”
What structures compose the pelvic inlet?
Sacral Promontory
Sacral Ala
Arcuate Line
Pectineal Line
Pubic Crest
Label cartoon and say what it shows.
The pelvic inlet
What structures compse the pelvic outlet?
Pubic Symphyses
Ischiopubic ramus
Ischial Tuberosities
Sacrotuberous Ligaments
Sacrum
Label cartoon and say what it shows.
The Pelvic Outlet
Identify the auricular surface and say what its purpose is.
Articulates with the sacrum.
What type of joint are the sacroiliac joints?
Two Types
Synovial - mobile
Syndesmoses - an immovable joint in which bones are joined by connective tissue
How are weight bearing forces transferred to the pelvic girdle?
Through the vertebral column
List the different pelvic measurements
Conjugate (AP) - sacral promontory to superior border of pubic symphysis
Conjugate diagonal - sacral promontory to inferior border of pubic symphysis
Transverse - left to right measurement through midpoint of conjugate (AP)
Oblique - sacroiliac articulation to opposite point passing through conjugate (AP) midpoint
Interspinous Diameter (narrowest) - between the anterior superior iliac spines
Anterior Posterior (AP) diameter of pelvic outlet - from the lower margin of the pubic symphysis to the sacrococcygeal joint
What are pelvic measurements used for?
To determine the fixed size of the birth canal and the likelihood of a safe vaginal delivery
How do you determine gender from the pelvis.
Describe the pelvic changes that occur during childbirth and how those changes arise.
Discuss the peritoneal lining and openings in the diaphragm.
Discuss the blood supply and innervation of the diaphragm
What is the abnormality?
List the muscles of the posterior abdominal wall that are important for us to know. Mention their actions, origins & insertions, and innervations.
Psoas Major - originates at the vertebral bodies and transverse processes of T12-L5 and inserts at the lesser trochanter. Acts to flex the hip and is innervated by the ventral rami of L1-L3.
Quadratus Lumborum - originates at the transverse process of L5, the iliac crest, and iliolumbar ligament; it inserts at the transverse processes of L1-L4 and rib 12. Acts to depress and stabilize rib 12 and in lateral bending. Innervated by the ventral rami of T12-L4
Iliacus - originates at the iliac fossa and upper portion of lateral sacrum and inserts at the lesser trochanter. Acts to flex the hip and is innervated by the femoral nerve
What muscles compose the pelvic wall? Pelvic floor? Which muscles are most important to maintaining fecal and urinary continence?
