MSK 25 - Anterior Abdominal Wall and Inguinal Region

Question 1

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Question 2

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Question 3

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Question 4

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Question 5

What organs are found in each of the 9 abdominal regions?

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Question 6

The superficial fascia of the ______, _______, and _________ are all continuous.

Answer 6

Thorax, abdomen, and perineum

Question 7

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Question 8

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Question 9

Facts to know about camper’s fascia.

Answer 9

Question 10

Facts to know about Scarpa’s fascia.

Answer 10

• Deeper and more membranous than camper’s fascia
• Continues from abdomen into the thigh and fuses with the fascia lata
• Attached firmly to linea alba, pubic symphyses, ischiopubic ramus, posterior perineal membrane
• Continues into perineum as Colles’ fascia (superficial perineal fascia)

Question 11

List the muscles of the lateral abdominal wall, their actions, and innervations.

Answer 11

External Oblique - bilateral action is the anterior flexion of the trunk. Unilateral action is lateral trunk flexion and rotation. Innervated by T7-T12

Internal Oblique - bilateral action is the anterior flexion of the trunk, Unilateral action is lateral trunk flexion and rotation. Innervated by T7-T12 and L1

Transverses Abdominus - action is to compress and support abdominal viscera. Innervated by T7-T12 and L1

Question 12

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Question 13

Facts to know about the external obliques.

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Question 15

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Question 16

Facts to know about the internal obliques.

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Question 17

What and where is the arcuate line?

Answer 17

The arcuate line of the abdomen is a horizontal line that demarcates the lower limit of the posterior layer of the rectus sheath. The arcuate line occurs about 1/2 of the distance from the umbilicus to the pubic crest, but this varies from person to person

Question 18

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Question 19

Facts to know about the transverses abdominus

Answer 19

Question 20

List the muscles of the anterior abdominal wall, their actions, and innervations.

Answer 20

Rectus abdominis - actions are flexion and tense abdominal wall. Innervated by segmental nerves of T7-T12.

Pyramidalis - acts to tense the linea alba. Innervated by T12

Question 21

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Question 24

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Question 25

Between which layers do the nerves of the abdominal wall travel?

Answer 25

Between the internal oblique and transversus abdominis

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Question 27

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Question 28

Facts to know about the rectus sheath

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Question 29

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Question 30

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Question 31

What are the anterior abdominal wall ligaments that are embryonic remnants?

Answer 31

Median ligament

Lateral ligament

Medial ligament

Question 32

What are the borders of Hesselbach’s triangle?

Answer 32

Question 33

Explain how the abdominal wall muscles and diaphragm can be used in concert.

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Question 34

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Question 35

Describe the location of the following abdominal incisions: median, para-median, pfanneenstiel, McBurney’s point, Linea semilunaris, and Kocher.

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Question 36

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Question 37

What are the boundaries of the inguinal canal?

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Question 38

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Question 39

What important structures pass through the inguinal canal in males? Females? Both?

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Question 43

Describe the two types of inguinal hernias and their common causes.

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