MS 1 Flashcards
most common bacteria to cause ostemomyelitis
staph aureus
most sensitive and specific imaging test for bone mets
MRI
cauda equina syndrome occurs when there is dysfunction or damage to
the lumbar and sacral nerve roots of the cauda equina e.g. disc herniation, epidural abscess, tumor
cauda equina syndrome s/sx
5
acute onset of LBP
pain radiating down one or both legs
saddle anesthesia
bladder incontinence
fecal incontinence
cauda equina syndrome tx
spinal decompression
colles fracture
fracture of the distal radius of the forearm along the dorsal displacement of the wrist
fracture of the distal radius of the forearm along the dorsal displacement of the wrist
Colles fracture
fx - hx of falling on outstretched hand FOOSH
colles fracture - distal radius along wrist
dinner fork fracture aka
Colles fracture - fx of distal radius
hip fx - sign of displaced fx
severe hip pain w/ external rotation of the hip/leg and leg shortening
scaphoid/navicular fracture
wrist pain on palpation of the anatomic snuffbox, hx of falling forward on outstretched hand to break fall
scaphoid/navicular fracture - when will it show on x ray and why
initial x ray of the wrist often normal, but repeat x ray in 2 weeks will show the scaphoid fx due to callus bone formation
scaphoid/navicular fracture - high risk for what, and do what?
avascular necrosis and nonunion, place in thumb spica splint and refer to an orthopedist
tendon
connects muscle to bone
connects muscle to bone
tendon
partial or complete tear of tendon or muscle is called a ____
strain
strain
partial or complete tear of tendon or muscle
ligament
connects bone to bone
connects bone to bone
ligament
partial or complete tear of a ligament is a ___
sprain
partial or complete tear of a ligament
sprain
genu recurvatum
hyperextension or backward curvature of the knees
genu valgum
knock knees
genu valrum
bow legs
exercise and injury - within first 48 hours of injury
2
- avoid vigorous exercise
- engage in gentle ROM exercises
finkelstein’s test - tests for
de quervain’s tenosynovitis which is inflammation of the tendon sheath, located at the base of the thumb
finkelstein’s test is + if
there is pain and tenderness on the wrist on the thumb side
drawer sign is a test for
knee stability
drawer sign +
excessive laxity of affected knee is suggestive of a torn ligament
a positive anterior drawer sign is indicative of
damage or torn anterior cruciate ligament ACL
a positive anterior drawer sign is indicative of
damage or torn posterior cruciate ligament PCL
lachman’s sign
knee is 30 degrees of flexion, the femur is stabilized, the other hand is used to apply force to the tibia to displace the tibia forward on the femur + suggestive ACL tear
knee is 30 degrees of flexion, the femur is stabilized, the other hand is used to apply force to the tibia to displace the tibia forward on the femur + suggestive ACL tear
Lachman’s sign
+ valgus stress test of knee
medial collateral ligament tear MCL
+ varus stress test of the knee
test for tear in lateral collateral ligament LCL
