HEENT 4 Flashcards
swelling of the optic disc aka
papilledema
which finding on a fundoscopy exam warrants rapid lowering of the blood pressure
papilledema - this occurs when increased intracranial pressure spreads to the optic nerve sheath
measles (rubeola) stages
incubation 6-21 days
prodrome
exanthem (red maculopapular rash)
recovery
prodrome phase of measles s/sx
fever
malaise
anorexia
conjunctivitis
coryza
cough
otorrhea
ear drainage
HINTS exam is used to
assess peripheral vertigo in patients
BPPV is caused by
calcium carbonate crystals in the semicircular canals
initial treatment for BPPV
Epley maneuver -head is turned sequentially, which helps move the crystals in the semicircular canals by gravity
gold standard test for BPPV
Dix-Hallpike - it is positive if classic rotary nystagmus is seen
Lachman maneuver
test for the anterior cruciate ligament of the knee ACL
test used to check for acute appendicitis
obturator test
Finkelstein test is used to assess for
De Quervain’s tenosynovitis
test to check for ACL tear
Lachman maneuver
name of area that causes anterior epistaxis
kiesselbach’s plexus
presbycusis
type of sensorineural hearing loss that is caused by normal aging of the auditory system
hyphema
blood that is trapped in the anterior chamber of the eye and is usually painful
presents on the edge of an eyelid as a painful abscess
blepharitis
when can patient return to sports with enlarged spleen from mono
about 4-6 weeks, after f/u visit confirms no more enlargement; most splenic ruptures occur within 3 weeks of illness
decreased vision, halos around lights, HA, severe eye pain =
acute primary angle closure glaucoma
Meniere’s disease - most patient’s present with
vertigo as a rotatory spinning or rocking with NV, hearing loss, and tinnitus
rapid onset of severe vertigo with NV and gait instability
labyrinthitis
asymmetric sensorineural hearing loss often indicates
vestibular schwannoma
best initial screening test for the diagnosis of vestibular schwannoma
audiometry
TM is thickened and erythematous
bullous myringitis
xanthelasma
soft, yellow plaques often appearing symmetrically on the medial aspects of the eyelids and may be associated with hypercholesterolemia
an abnormal ___ test is seen in patients with conductive hearing loss
Rinne
the weber test - sensorineural vs conductive hearing loss
weber test suggests sensorineural hearing loss if the sound lateralized to the good side; conductive hearing loss is suggested if the sound lateralized to the bad side
which structure of the eye is responsible for color perception
cones
fever, drolling, airway stridor and respiratory distress =
epiglottis
most common pathogens responsible for external otitis media
3
pseudomonas aeruginosa
stephylococcus epidermidis
staph aureus
meniere disease is what
an inner ear disorder characterized by tinnitus, vertigo, and hearing loss; thought to occur due to accumulation of endolymphatic fluid in the cochlea and the vestibular organ
what test confirms sensorineural hearing loss
audiometry
common s/sx of Meniere’s disease
4
reduced hearing
tinnitus
fullness in affected ear
vertigo lasting 20 mins to 12 hours
initial therapy for Meniere’s disease
lifestyle modifications such as salt restriction and limiting of caffeine and alcohol consumption
test for near vision
rosenbaum card
test for color vision
2
Ishihara test
Hardy Rand Rittler test
anterior uveitis is characterized by
pain and redness and the presence of leukocytes in the anterior chamber of the eye on slit lamp exam
ointment for angular cheilitis positive for staph infection
mupirocin ointment
ointment for angular cheilitis positive for fungal infection
miconazole ointment
gold standard to dx angle closure glaucoma
gonioscopy
peripheral vertigo is caused by disorders of the
vestibular apparatus of the inner ear or by the inflammation of the vestibular nerve
