CV 1

Question 1

most AAA are asymptomatic but if there are symptoms what will patient c/o
3

Answer 1

abd pain
back pain
flank pain

Question 2

a ruptured AAA is suspected in patients with classic triad of

Answer 2

acute abd pain
abd distention
hyemodynamic instability

Question 3

persons at highest risk of AAA

Answer 3

older white males who are current or former smokers with HTN

Question 4

initially imaging test for AAA

Answer 4

abd US

Question 5

ACS refers to

Answer 5

clinical presentations ranging from STEMI, NSTEMI, and unstable angina

Question 6

classic presentation of ACS

Answer 6

middle aged to older man who c/o onset of constant chest or substernal discomfort lasting more than 15 minutes that is described as squeezing, tightness, crushing, knot in center of chest, heavy pressure, or band like

Question 7

best initial dx test for ACS

Answer 7

12 lead ekg

Question 8

all patients with suspected ACS should be given what

Answer 8

ASA dose of 162-325 mg to chew or swallow

Question 9

bacterial endocarditis aka

Answer 9

infective endocarditis

Question 10

bacterial endocarditis risk factors -
3 generalized

Answer 10

cardiac factors (valvular abnormalities)
underlying conditions (IV drug use, cardiac device, immunos.)
recent dental or surgical procedure

Question 11

bacterial endocarditis - pt presents with
4

Answer 11

fever and chills
new onset murmur
anorexia
weight loss

Question 12

pt presents with fever, chills, new murmur, weight loss

Answer 12

bacterial endocarditis

Question 13

bacterial endocarditis - skin findings

Answer 13

mostly on hands/fingers, toes/feet; subungual hemorrhages, petechiae on the palate, painful voilet colored nodes on the fingers/toes (Osler nodes), nontender red spots on palms/soles (Janeway lesions)

Question 14

osler nodes is to

Answer 14

bacterial endocarditis

Question 15

janeway lesions is to

Answer 15

bacterial endocarditis

Question 16

osler nodes

Answer 16

painful voilet-colored nodes on the fingers and toes

Question 17

janeway lesions

Answer 17

nontender red spots on the palms/soles

Question 18

bacterial endocarditis - funduscopic exam may show

Answer 18

Roth spots (retinal hemorrhages)

Question 19

first test done for suspected bacterial endocarditis

Answer 19

transthoracic echocardiogram

Question 20

orthopnea

Answer 20

SOB when lying down

Question 21

murmurs of HF
2

Answer 21

S3 gallop
paradoxical splitting of S2

Question 22

HFrEF %

Answer 22

EF 40% or less

Question 23

EF 50% or higher

Answer 23

HFpEF (diastolic HF)

Question 24

r/o AAA in an older male who has what - mass

Answer 24

pulsatile abd mass that is more than 3 cm in width

Question 25

causes of displacement of the point of maximal impulse PMI
3

Answer 25

severe left ventricular hypertrophy
cardiomyopathy
pregnancy, 3rd trimester

Question 26

S3 heart sounds usually indicate

Answer 26

HF or CHF

Question 27

S3 heart sounds - always considered abnormal if it occurs

Answer 27

after age 40

Question 28

S3 heart sound can be normal in who
3

Answer 28

children
pregnant patients
some athletes (>35 years of age)

Question 29

pathologic S4 is associated with

Answer 29

LVH due to increased resistance from the left ventricle

Question 30

which heart sound is a sign of CHF

Answer 30

S3

Question 31

which heart sound is a sign of LVH

Answer 31

S4

Question 32

a physiologic split S2 is best heard where

Answer 32

at the pulmonic area