Motivation Flashcards
Yerkes-Dodson Law
People perform at optimal levels when they are moderately aroused/emotionally stimulated
Motivation
The purpose or driving force behind our actions
Extrinsic motivation
An external drive or goal one is reaching towards that motivates their actions
Intrinsic motivation
A motivation that comes from within oneself; no external factor
Positive Feedback
The product stimulates the production of more of another product
Negative Feedback
The product inhibits further production of another product
Evolutionary Theory of Motivation
People are driven to do certain behaviors based on evolutionarily programmed instincts
Drive Reduction Theory
Motivation is based on reducing a drive for a need; negative feedback and helps in maintaining homeostasis
Need
A lack or deprivation of something that will lead to a drive; a motivator that influences human behavior
Drive
An aroused state of tension that activates behaviors focused on achieving a goal
Primary drive
Drives that help us maintain homeostasis
Secondary drive
Drives not directly related to biological processes
Arousal Theory of Motivation
People perform actions in order to maintain an optimum level of arousal
Arousal
The psychological and physiological state of being alert and receptive to stimuli
Cognitive Theory of Motivation
We are driven by our thought processes
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
A ranking of needs beginning with most primitive and essential.
- Physiological needs
- Safety
- Love/Belonging
- Esteem
- Self actualization
Self Determination Theory of Motivation
We are driven by three needs: autonomy, competence, and relatedness/acceptance
Incentive Theory of Motivation
We are motivated by the desire to pursue rewards and to avoid punishments; linked to operant conditioning
Expectancy-value Theory
The amount of motivation needed to reach a goal is the result of the expectation for success and the degree of value of succeeding at that goal
Sexual Response Cycle
Physiological indicators during sexual activity
- Excitement Phase
- Platue Phase
- Orgasm Phase
- Refractory period
Opponent Process Theory of Motivation
We keep doing some destructive behaviors (drug abuse) because our bodies oppose their effects (ex. heightened arousal by the body in anticipation of the use of a depressant)
