Motivation

Question 1

What is motivation

Answer 1

Motivation is often defined as the direction and intensity of effort

Question 2

What is intrinsic motivation

Answer 2

This is participating in an activity without an external award. This motivation comes within.

Question 3

Examples of intrinsic motivation

Answer 3

Accomplishments
Stimulation
Knowledge
Fun

Question 4

What is extrinsic motivation

Answer 4

It is motivation influenced by external factor. Common rewards of external motivation is tangible and intangible

Question 5

What is tangible award and give examples

Answer 5

Tangible awards are physical awards. For example money and medals

Question 6

What are intangible rewards and give examples

Answer 6

Intangible awards are non-physical such as praise or encouragement

Question 7

Am motivation meaning

Answer 7

Is the absence of motivation

Question 8

Need achievement theory

Answer 8

Athletes can be grouped into two categories. Need to achieve (NACH and need to avoid failure (NAF)

Question 9

What is nach

Answer 9

Athletes who tend to strive for success , keep trying when things go wrong and feel a sense of pride in accomplishments. Greater emphasis on personal goals

Question 10

What is NAF

Answer 10

Athletes who tend to avoid challenging situations and prefer competition against unworthy opponents for more chance of success.

Question 11

What is the achievement goal theory

Answer 11

It suggests 3 factors , achievent goal , perceived ability and achievement behaviour interact to produce an athletes levels of motivation.

Question 12

What are achievement goals according to agt

Answer 12

Outcome-orientatd goals. Use external references such as comparing performance with others, focuses on beating opponents and places emphasis on winning prizes
Task-orientated goals. Focus on own performance to previous performance and emphasis personal approvement

Question 13

Task orientated goals are :

Answer 13

focuson own performance Increase levels of of effort and persistence, reduce levels of disappointment and frustration and reduce fear of failure.

Question 14

Outcome oriented goals are:

Answer 14

Lower levels of persistence and efforts. Athletes attributing failure to more unstable ,external sources

Question 15

What is the self determination theory

Answer 15

It is a meta theory originally designed by do psychologists. Edward deci and Richard Ryan. It helps understand dropout rate ,sport adherence and well being in athletes and coaches.

Question 16

What is the most popular meta theory in the self determination theory

Answer 16

Basic psychologic needs theory (BPNT)

Question 17

What does the BPNT theory argue

Answer 17

It argued we must have 3 basic need which must be satisfied to be motivated. These are :
Competence: ability to do something successfully
Autonomy: ability to make own decisions
Relatedness

Question 18

What is Weiner’s attribution theory

Answer 18

The attribution theory looks at how people explain success or failure. It provides answers for success or failure.

Question 19

In the Weiner’s attribution theory what are the categories success and failure fall into

Answer 19

Stability : stable ‘ I was more able than my component ‘: unstable ‘ I was lucky
Causality : external or external. ‘ I didn’t try hard enough ‘ : ‘ my opponent was impossible to beat ‘
Control : ‘ I tried really hard in this fight ‘ under control : ‘ he wasn’t as fit as I was ‘ not under control

Question 20

What is a mastery climate

Answer 20

A mastery climate is a motivational climate focused on mastery of tasks .i.e athletes receive positive reinforcement, and there is greater emphasis on teamwork, cooperation and mutual support

Question 21

Benefits of mastery climate

Answer 21

Increased intrinsic motivation , increased information processing , decreased stress and anxiety and increase in overal psychological well-being

Question 22

What is a competitive climate

Answer 22

A competitive climate is one where there’s a lot of focus on the outcome and only those with the highest ability receive attention

Question 23

How can family and peers influence players

Answer 23

Parents can affect motivation by helping support coach-athleted relationships , providing social support and having conversations with athletes

Question 24

How can peers influence n athletes motivation

Answer 24

Competitive
Collaborative
Evaluative comments
Social relationships

Question 25

Over- motivation meaning

Answer 25

Levels of motivation can be detrimental for individual health.

Question 26

Signs of over motivation

Answer 26

Over-training : often results in a decrease in performance , may experience decreased in strength ,endurance , more tired
Training addiction: a preoccupation with training at the expense of other aspects of your life
Social withdrawal: withdrawing from some ,most or all normal social situations

Question 27

What is the social learning theory

Answer 27

Banduaras social learning theory suggests personality is not a stable characteristic, but constantly changing as a result of experiences of different social environments

Question 28

What are the two processes in the social learning theory

Answer 28

Modelling : occurs when individuals try to emulate the behaviour of other athletes
Reinforcement: if a player’s behaviour is rewarded ,they likely will repeat it

Question 29

Effects of over motivation

Answer 29

Over confidence
Decrement in performance
Burnout
Injury

Question 30

How does modelling influence personality and behaviour

Answer 30

Attention: respect
Retention: be able to retain the skill or behaviour in your memory
Motor reproduction: need time to perform the task your observing
Motivational response : praise, feedback, sense of pride

Question 31

Influence of the physical environment

Answer 31

There is evidence to suggest that quality of facilities and equipment in sporting environment can enhance motivation.