Group Processes Flashcards
What are Tuckmans stages of group development?
For a group of people to become a team they must go through 4 developmental stages, forming, storming, norming and performing. All groups go through these stages, but the time spent at each stage is not fixed and some teams can revert back to previous stages.
What is forming?
Group members familiarise themselves with each other, Group members assess the strengths and weaknesses of eachother. Individuals get to know their roles within the group.
What is storming?
Conflict begins to develop between individuals in the group. Individuals or cliques start to question the position of certain people Often conflicts develop because some individuals try to acquire more important roles.
What is norming?
Conflict is replaced by cooperation. Members of the group start to work towards common goals and group cohesion develops, increasing group satisfaction and levels of respect.
What is performing?
-The team progresses and functions effectively as a unit.
-The group works without conflict towards the achievement of shared goals and objectives.
What are the 2 types of sports team?
1) Interactive team
2) Coactive team
What is an interactive team?
-Team members interact and coordinate with each other in order to achieve a successful performance.
-Sports such as hockey are typical examples of this type of team.
What is a coactive team?
-There is no direct interaction between team members during the performance.
-Members are required to achieve success in their individual games, events or performances to achieve overall team success.
-An example of a coactive team is a gymnastics team, where each member takes their individual turn on the different apparatus but their individual performance scores points for the team.
What is the Ringelmann effect?
-The Ringelmann effect is a phenomenon where, as the group size increases, the individual productivity of the people in the group decreases.
-The Ringelmann effect is caused more by motivation faults or losses than coordination losses.
What is social loafing?
-Social loafing is when group members do not put in maximum effort when they are
in a group or team.
What kind of individuals display social loafing?
-Individuals who display social loafing lack confidence, are afraid of failure and tend
to be highly anxious. Athletes who display social loafing do not feel they can make a
useful contribution to overall team performance, which can be why they do not want to participate
