Goal setting Flashcards
How does goal setting affect motivation?
It improves motivation
How do you effectively set goals?
Use a combination of short-term, medium-term and long-term goals. This makes progress towards the long-term goals
seem more realistic, and provide a continuing sense of achievement.
Goals should be SMARTS. What does SMARTS stand for?
Specific, Measurable, Action-orientated, Realistic, Timed, Self-determined
What are outcome goals?
Focus on the result of the event, like winning a match.
What are performance goals?
Focus on your performance and
comparing your current performance to previous performances.
What are process goals?
Goals based on what the athlete has to do
to improve their performance.
What are mastery goals?
Focus on self-challenge and improvement, or at least not doing any worse than a previous performance.
What are the 2 types of mastery goals?
1)MAp goals- focus on performing a task well and outperforming previous personal achievements
2)MAv goals-focus on not making mistakes or not letting your performance decrease from previous levels.
What are competitive goals?
Focus on demonstrating superiority
over another athlete, or not being out-performed
What are the 2 types of competitive goals?
1)PAp goals-focus on performing on a positive end state eg winning a match
2)PAv goals- focus on avoiding a negative end state eg losing a match
How effective are outcome goals at increasing motivation?
The least effective goal at increasing motivation as goal achievement depends on the opposition as well as the athlete.
Eg. if you run a personal best in the 400 metres but finish last and the outcome goal was to win, this could negatively affect motivation
How effective are performance goals at increasing motivation?
Very effective as they focus on improving your own performance so goal achievement doesn’t depend on the opposition which gives the athlete more control over goal achievement
How effective are process goals at increasing motivation?
Very effective as it gives a specific element of performance to focus on, which facilitates learning and development
How effective are MAp goals at increasing motivation?
Tend to create the greatest levels of intrinsic motivation in athletes and can have positive effects on performance.
How effective are MAv goals at increasing motivation?
Can have negative effects on an athlete’s
well-being but do not always decrease performance.
