Molecular Medicine

Question 1

What are the hydrophobic vitamins?

Answer 1

Vitamin A, D, E and K

Question 2

What are the hydrophilic vitamins?

Answer 2

B-complex and C

Question 3

Which vitamins are the hormone precursors?

Answer 3

A and D

Question 4

Which vitamins are redox cofactors/antioxidants?

Answer 4

C, E, K, B2 and B3

Question 5

Whih vitamins allow group transfers?

Answer 5

B6, B12, Biotin, Folic acid and Pantothenic acid

Question 6

What are the essential fatty acids? and what are they needed for?

Answer 6

Omega 3 (a-linoleic) and Omega 6 (linoleic). Eicosanoids (prostaglandins, thromboxanes and leukotrienes. These molecules mediate inflammation, pain and modulate cellular activity. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs target synthesis of the eicosanoids (cyclooxygenase)

Question 7

What is catabolism?

Answer 7

Breakdown of substances

Question 8

What is anabolism?

Answer 8

Buildup of substances

Question 9

What are the oxidoreductases?

Answer 9

Enzymes which catalyse oxidation-reduction reactions. e.g. cytochrome c

Question 10

What are the transferases?

Answer 10

Enzymes which catalyse group transfers. e.g. kinases

Question 11

What are the hydrolayses?

Answer 11

Enzymes which catalyse hydrolysis reactions. e.g. proteases

Question 12

What are the lyases?

Answer 12

Enzymes which catalyse addition of groups to a double bond or creation of a double bond by removal of a group. e.g. Adenylate cyclase

Question 13

What are the isomerases?

Answer 13

Enzymes which catalyse transfer of groups within a molecule. e.g. DNA topoisomerase

Question 14

What are the ligases?

Answer 14

Enzymes which catalyse condensation reactions. e.g. DNA ligase

Question 15

How is enzyme production controlled?

Answer 15

Negative feedback loops