Module 8: Secondary Immune Deficiencies

Question 1

Secondary immune deficiencies occur sometime

Answer 1

after birth

Question 2

Conditions that may lead to secondary immune deficiency

Answer 2

Hematologic/Lymphoproliferative disorders

Systemic Process/Metabolic diseases (Malnutrition)

Viral infections

Surgical procedures/ trauma

Immunosuppressives

Question 3

Immune response to HIV

Answer 3

Massive expansion of CD8 lymphs
Ab to HIV proteins appear
CD4 T lymph numbers drop (causing risk of general infection)

Question 4

Immune system evasion by HIV (3 ways)

Answer 4

HIV constantly mutates (evading detection by Ab)
HIV may internalize MHC I antigen on cells they infect
HIV may inhibit cell mediated immunity

Question 5

3 things done before hematopoietic stem cell transplant

Answer 5

Recipient and donor are HLA matched
Recipient’s immune may be suppressed
Graft may be processed (reduction of unwanted cells)

Question 6

What does an HPC transplant do

Answer 6

provides recipient with stem cells which will repopulate the recipients bone marrow

Question 7

3 major complications of HPC transplant

Answer 7

Rejection (host attacks graft)

Graft vs host disease (graft attacks host)

Immunodeficiency in the recipient (due to immune suppression, recipients ability to generate a complete new lymphocyte population, lag time during transplant)

Question 8

Immune senescence

Answer 8

process of growing old and declining immune response

• increased risk of infection
• autoimmune disease

Question 9

When does thymus reach is max size

Answer 9

puberty

Question 10

increased age leads to decreases in

Answer 10

thymus size
t cell proliferation
primary antibody response
cytokine production
phagocytic activity