Module 8

Question 1

Shape and form of a structure depends on

Answer 1

Size

Question 2

Smallest living organisms

Answer 2

Bacteria, specifically the mycoplasma

Question 3

Surface Area

Answer 3

Flat, 2d
Amount of area on the surface

Question 4

Volume

Answer 4

Amount of space a thing occupies

Question 5

Does surface area of volume increase faster?

Answer 5

Volume increases faster than surface area

Question 6

Functions of the cell depend on what

Answer 6

surface area, volume, shape, size

Question 7

A bigger or smaller cube has a larger SA/V ratio?

Answer 7

A small cube has a bigger ratio

Question 8

What would happen if humans shrunk to the size on an ant

Answer 8

We would have to much surface area, and heat loss from the skin

Question 9

What would happen if ants became human sized

Answer 9

Their legs wouldn’t be strong enough to hold their body weight/ volume

Question 10

Isometry

Answer 10

Increase in size, but keep the same shape

Same measure

Question 11

Allometry

Answer 11

Increases in size followed by change in shape
Different measure

Question 12

What do larger mammals have in order ot support greater weight

Answer 12

Wider bones

Question 13

What accompanies size differences

Answer 13

Shape change

Question 14

What adaptation does the gut have to increase surface area

Answer 14

Vili and microvili

Question 15

Vili

Answer 15

Folding of the stomach lining

Question 16

Microvilli

Answer 16

Projections of the intestinal calls

Question 17

Inner folding of the mitochondria increase what

Answer 17

Surface area and ATP. production to give the cell energy

Question 18

Use of a lot of surface area

Answer 18

moving substances across the cell membrane/ diffusion

Question 19

All molecules are in constant motion

Answer 19

True

Question 20

What causes diffusion from randomly moving molecules

Answer 20

Concentration

Question 21

Diffusion

Answer 21

Random motion leads to net movement of a molecule from areas of high to low concentration

Question 22

When does net movement stop

Answer 22

When both regions achieve equal concentrations

Question 23

Is diffusion an effective way to transport nutrients

Answer 23

NO, takes a long time over larger distances

Question 24

Why does diffusion work for small organisms like bacteria

Answer 24

the interior parts of a small cell are closer to the surrounding environment than those in larger cells.

Question 25

Examples of Eukaryotic adaptations

Answer 25

ER, golgi apparatus, inner mitochondrial membrane, thylakoids

Question 26

What adaptations do Eukaryotes have to increase surface area

Answer 26

Many internal membranes that are highly folded or convoluted

Question 27

Sponges adaptation for O2

Answer 27

few cells lining a dense network of pores and canals, allowing their cells to remain in close contact with seawater

Question 28

Sea Jelly adapatation

Answer 28

Active cells are confined to thin tissues that line the inner and outer surfaces of the body –> in direct of near to direct contact with the enviornment
Their interior is made up of mesoglea, that doesn’t require to much oxygen

Question 29

Alveoli

Answer 29

Terminal air sacs at the end of a lung
300 million in each lungs

Question 30

Walls of alveoli

Answer 30

Extremely thin, allowing oxygen to readily diffuse from air spaces to the blood

Question 31

Bulk Flow

Answer 31

movement of a fluid driven by pressure differences
O2, nuterients, etc.
Ex. heart beat pumping O2 throughout body tissues; Diaphragm relaxing and contractive moving air out and in

Question 32

Hemoglobin

Answer 32

Red blood cell molecules that carry O2 throughout the body

Question 33

How does bulk flow work in plants

Answer 33

Vascular channels powered by the evaporation of water form leaf surfaces

Question 34

What does the evaporation do in plants for bulk flow

Answer 34

Creates pressure differences between the base and top of a plant/ tree, helping pull water upp

Question 35

When is bulk flow required

Answer 35

To supply cells that are far from the external environment with molecules needed for METABOLISM

Question 36

Isometry

Answer 36

SAME MEASURE
Increases size but keeps shape

Question 37

Allometry

Answer 37

Different Measure
Increase in size and change in shape

Question 38

What makes organisms large size viable

Answer 38

Their internal organisms

Question 39

Highly folded membrane

Answer 39

ER, Golgi apparatus, inner mitochondrial membrane