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Medical Terminology > Module 7: Ch. 20 > Flashcards

Module 7: Ch. 20 Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
0
Q

angi/o

A

vessel

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1
Q

act/o

A

acting

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2
Q

arteri/o

A

artery

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3
Q

arthr/o

A

joint

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4
Q

bronch/o

A

bronchi

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5
Q

chol/e

A

gall, bile

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6
Q

cinemat/o

A

motion

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7
Q

cyst/o

A

bladder

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8
Q

dermat/o

A

skin

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9
Q

digit/o

A

finger or toe

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10
Q

ech/o

A

echo

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11
Q

encephal/o

A

brain

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12
Q

fluor/o

A

florescence, luminous

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13
Q

gen/o

A

kind

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14
Q

hyster/o

A

womb, uterus

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15
Q

ion/o

A

ion

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16
Q

iont/o

A

ion

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17
Q

lymph/o

A

lymph

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18
Q

mamm/o

A

breast

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19
Q

myel/o

A

spinal cord

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20
Q

oscill/o

A

to swing

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21
Q

phot/o

A

light

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22
Q

physic/o

A

nature

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23
Q

pyel/o

A

renal pelvis

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24
Q

radi/o

A

ray, X – ray

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25
Q

salping/o

A

fallopian tube

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26
Q

sial/o

A

salivary

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27
Q

son/o

A

sound

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28
Q

therm/o

A

hot, heat

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29
Q

tom/o

A

to cut

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30
Q

tract/o

A

to draw

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31
Q

ven/o

A

vein

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32
Q

anteroposterior position (AP)

A

the patient is placed with the anterior (front) part of the body facing the x-ray tube and the posterior (back) of the body facing the film; x-rays pass through the body from the front to the back in reaching the film

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33
Q

posteroanterior position (PA)

A

the patient is placed with the posterior (back) portion of the body facing the x-ray tube and the anterior (front) of the body facing the film; the x-rays pass through the body from the back to the front to reach the film

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34
Q

lateral position (lat)

A

the x-ray beam passes from one side of the patient’s body to the opposite side to reach the film

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35
Q

supine position

A

the patient rests on the back, face upward, allowing the x-rays to pass through the body from the front to the back

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36
Q

prone position

A

the patient is placed lying face down with the head turned to one side; the x-rays pass from the back to the front side of the body

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37
Q

oblique position

A

the patient is placed so that the body or body part to be imaged is at an angle to the x-ray beam

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38
Q

diagnostic imaging

A

involves the use of x-rays, ultrasound, radiopharmaceuticals, radiopaque media, and computers to provide the radiologist images of internal body organs and processes

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39
Q

computed tomography (CT)

A

also known as a CAT scan (computerized axial tomography); it combines an advanced x-ray scanning system with a powerful minicomputer and has vastly improved imaging quality while making it possible to view parts of the body and abnormalities not previously open to radiography

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40
Q

gantry

A

the opening, donut-like hole of the CT scan machine

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41
Q

magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

A

A noninvasive imaging technique; it’s used to view organs, bone, and other internal body structures; the imaged body part is exposed to radio waves while in a magnetic field

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42
Q

cranial MRI

A

an MRI of the brain used to evaluate a person’s tumor, seizure disorder, or headache symptoms

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43
Q

bore

A

horizontal tube running through the magnet from front to back

44
Q

contrast agent

A

a special substance administered prior to or during the test; it is used to enhance internal structures and improve image quality, typically this material is injected into a vein in the arm

45
Q

ultrasound

A

literally means beyond sound; it is sound whose frequency is beyond the range of human hearing; it is widely used in diagnostic imaging to evaluate a patient’s internal organs

46
Q

ultrasonography

A

the process of using ultrasound to produce a record of ultrasonic echoes as they strike tissues of different densities

47
Q

sonogram or echogram

A

the record produced by ultrasonography

48
Q

Doppler echocardiography

A

an adaptation of ultrasound technology; it is a noninvasive technique for determining the blood flow velocity in different locations in the heart

49
Q

transducer

A

a handheld probe that is moved over an area of skin to examine the transmission of sound waves

50
Q

thermography

A

detailed images of body parts are developed from data showing the degree of heat and cold present in areas being studied

51
Q

scintigraphy

A

the production of two – dimensional images of tissue areas from the scintillations emitted by an internally administered radiopharmaceutical device that concentrates on a targeted site

52
Q

angiocardiogram

A

x-ray record of the heart and great vessels made visible through the use of a radiopaque contrast medium

53
Q

angiogram

A

x-ray record of the blood vessels made visible through the use of an injected radiopaque contrast medium

54
Q

angiography

A

a medical imaging technique used to visualize the inside, or lumen, of blood vessels and organs of the body, with particular interest in the arteries, veins, and the heart chambers

55
Q

beam

A

ray of light; in radiology and nuclear medicine, radiant energy emitted by a group of atomic particles traveling a parallel course

56
Q

cassette

A

light – proof case or holder for x-ray film

57
Q

cathode

A

negative pole of an electrical current

58
Q

cobalt-60

A

radionuclide that serves as the radioactive substance in teletherapy machines

59
Q

contrast medium

A

radiopaque substance used in certain x-ray procedures to permit visualization of organs or structures

60
Q

curie (Ci)

A

unit of radioactivity

61
Q

dose

A

amount of medication or radiation to be administered

62
Q

film

A

thin, cellulose – coated, light – sensitive sheet or slip of material used in taking pictures

63
Q

fluorescence

A

property of certain substances to emit light as a result of exposure to and absorption of radiant energy

64
Q

ion

A

atomic particle consisting of an atom or a group of atoms that carry an electrical charge, either negative or positive

65
Q

ionization

A

process of breaking up molecules into their component parts

66
Q

isotope

A

one of a series of nuclides that are chemically identical yet differ in atomic weight and electrical charge

67
Q

lead (Pb)

A

metallic chemical element; soft, heavy, inelastic, malleable, ductile, bluish – gray metallic element used in its metallic form as a protective shielding against x-rays

68
Q

mammography

A

process of obtaining x-ray pictures of the breast using a low – dose x-ray system

69
Q

millicurie (mCi)

A

0.001 Ci

70
Q

oscilloscope

A

instrument used to record an electrical wave visually on a fluorescent screen of a cathode – ray tube

71
Q

rad

A

amount of radiation absorbed; the letters stand for (r)adiation (a)bsorbed (d)ose

72
Q

radiation

A

process by which radiant energy is propagated through space or matter

73
Q

radioactive

A

characterized by emitting radiant energy

74
Q

radiodermatitis

A

inflammation of the skin caused by exposure to x-rays or radioactive substances

75
Q

radiograph

A

picture produced on a sensitized film or plate by rays; an x-ray record

76
Q

radiographer

A

person skilled in making x-ray records

77
Q

radiography

A

process of making an x-ray record

78
Q

radiologist

A

literally means one who specializes in radiology

79
Q

radiology

A

scientific discipline of medical imaging using radionuclides, ionizing radiation, nuclear magnetic resonance, and ultrasound

80
Q

radiolucent

A

pertaining to property of permitting the passage of radiant energy

81
Q

radiopaque

A

pertaining to property of obstructing the passage of radiant energy

82
Q

radium (Ra)

A

radioactive isotope used to treat certain malignant diseases

83
Q

roentgen (R)

A

international unit for describing exposure dose of x-ray or y-radiation

84
Q

scan

A

process of using a moving device or a sweeping beam of radiation to produce images of organs or structures of the body

85
Q

shield

A

protective structure used to prevent or reduce the passage of particles or radiation

86
Q

sonogram

A

Record produced by ultrasonography

87
Q

tagging

A

process of tracing a radioactive isotope that has become involved in metabolic or chemical actions

88
Q

tomography

A

process of cutting across and producing images of single tissue planes that help place into focus a very particular object within a larger field

89
Q

ultrasonic

A

pertaining to sounds beyond 20,000 cycles/sec

90
Q

ultrasonography

A

process of using ultrasound to produce a record of ultrasonic echoes as they strike tissues of different densities

91
Q

AP

A

anteroposterior

92
Q

Ba

A

barium

93
Q

BE

A

barium enema

94
Q

BSE

A

breast self – examination

95
Q

Ci

A

curie

96
Q

CT

A

computed tomography

97
Q

IV

A

intravenous

98
Q

lat

A

lateral

99
Q

mCi

A

millicurie

100
Q

MRI

A

magnetic resonance imaging

101
Q

PA

A

posteroanterior

102
Q

Pb

A

lead

103
Q

PET

A

positron emission tomography

104
Q

PO

A

orally; by mouth

105
Q

R

A

roentgen

106
Q

Ra

A

radium

107
Q

rad

A

radiation absorbed dose

Medical Terminology (17 decks)

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