Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Medical Terminology > Module 2: Ch. 7 > Flashcards

Module 2: Ch. 7 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
0
Q

amputat/o

A

to cut through

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

agon/o

A

agony, a contest

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

brach/i

A

arm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

cleid/o

A

clavicle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

clon/o

A

turmoil

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

duct/o

A

to lead

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

dactyl/o

A

finger or toe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

dermat/o

A

skin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

fasci/o

A

a band

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

fibr/o

A

fiber

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

is/o

A

equal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

metr/o

A

to measure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

muscul/o

A

muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

my/o

A

muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

neur/o

A

nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

path/o

A

disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

prosth/e

A

an addition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

rhabd/o

A

rod

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

rotat/o

A

to turn

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

sarc/o

A

flesh

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

scler/o

A

hardening

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

stern/o

A

sternum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

synov/o

A

synovial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

ten/o

A

tendon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

therm/o

A

hot, heat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

ton/o

A

tone, tension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

tors/o

A

twisted

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

tort/i

A

twisted

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

troph/o

A

a turning

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

volunt/o

A

will

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

What are the three basic types of muscles in the body?

A
  • skeletal muscle
  • smooth muscle
  • cardiac muscle
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

skeletal muscles

A

also known as VOLUNTARY or STRIATED muscles, these muscles are controlled by the conscious part of the brain and attach to the bones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

How many skeletal muscles are in the human body?

A

there are over 600 skeletal muscles in the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

contractility

A

allows muscles to change shape to become shorter and thicker

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

extensibility

A

allows living muscle cells to be stretched and extended, becoming longer and thinner

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

excitability

A

when muscles receive and respond to stimulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

elasticity

A

when a living muscle cell returns to its original shape after the stretching force is removed

37
Q

three different parts of the muscle

A
  • body (main portion)
  • origin
  • insertion
38
Q

tendon

A

band of fibrous connective tissue serving for the attachment of muscles to bones

39
Q

aponeurosis

A

a strong, flat sheet of fibrous connective tissue that serves as a tendon to attach muscles to bone or as fascia to bind muscles together or to other tissues at their origin or insertion

40
Q

antagonist muscle

A

muscle that counteracts the action of another muscle; when one contracts the other relaxes

41
Q

agonist muscle

prime mover

A

muscle that is primary in a given movement; the movement is produced by its contraction

42
Q

synergist muscle

A

muscle that acts with another muscle to produce and assist movement

43
Q

smooth muscle

A

also called involuntary, visceral,or unstriated; they are not controlled by the conscious part of the brain; they are under the control of the autonomic nervous system and,in most cases, produce relatively slow contraction with a greater degree extensibility

44
Q

cardiac muscle

A

it is involuntary but striated in appearance; it is under the control of the autonomic nervous system and has specialized neuromuscular tissue located within the right atrium

45
Q

myocardium

A

the muscle of the heart

46
Q

pacemaker cells

A

the cells that produce the stimulation for contraction without nervous input

47
Q

What are the primary functions of muscles?

A
  1. Muscles are responsible for movement.
  2. Through a process known as TONICITY, muscles help to maintain posture through a continual partial contraction of skeletal muscles.
  3. Muscles help to produce heat through the chemical changes involved in muscular action.
48
Q

amputation

A

amputat -ion
to cut through = process

surgical or traumatic removal of a limb, part, or other appendage

49
Q

ataxia

A

a- -taxia
lack of = order

lack of muscular coordination; an inability to coordinate voluntary muscular movements that is symptomatic of some nervous disorders

50
Q

atonic

A

a- ton -ic
lack of = tone = pertaining to

pertaining to a lack of normal tone or tension; the lack of normal muscle tone

51
Q

atrophy

A

a- -trophy
lack of = nourishment

wasting of muscular tissue that may be caused by lack of use or lack of nerve stimulation of the muscle

52
Q

bradykinesia

A

brady- -kinesia
slow = motion

slowness of motion or movement

53
Q

clonic

A

clon -ic
turmoil = pertaining to

pertaining to alternate contraction and relaxation of muscles

54
Q

dactylospasm

A

dactyl/o -spasm
finger or toe = tension spasm

medical term for cramp of a finger or toe

55
Q

dystonia

A

dys- troph -in
difficult = a turning = chemical

condition of impaired muscle tone

56
Q

dystrophy

A

dys- -trophy
difficult = nourishment

any condition of abnormal development caused by defective nourishment, often noted by the degeneration of muscles

57
Q

fascia

A

fasc -ia
a band = condition

thin layer of connective tissue covering, supporting, or connecting the muscles or inner organs of the body

58
Q

fatigue

A

state of tiredness occurring in a muscle as a result of repeated contractions

59
Q

fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS)

A

fibr/o my -algia
fiber = muscle = pain

disorder with chronic, widespread musculoskeletal pain and fatigue; other symptoms include sleep disorders, irritable bowel syndrome,depression, and chronic headaches

60
Q

First Aid Treatment

A

the provision of initial care for an injury or illness

61
Q

flaccid

A

lacking muscle tone; weak, soft, and flabby

62
Q

insertion

A

in- sert -ion
into = to gain = process

point of attachment of a muscle to the part that it moves

63
Q

intramuscular (IM)

A

intra- muscul -ar
within = muscle = pertaining to

pertaining to within a muscle, such as an IM injection

64
Q

massage

A

kneading that applies pressure and friction to external body tissues

65
Q

muscular dystrophy (MD)

A

refers to a group of genetic diseases characterized by progressive weakness and degeneration of the skeletal or voluntary muscles that control movement

66
Q

myalgia

A

my -algia
muscle = pain

pain in the muscle

67
Q

myasthenia gravis (MG)

A

my -asthenia gravis
muscle = weakness = grave

chronic autoimmune neuromuscular disease characterized by varying degrees of weakness of the skeletal (voluntary) muscles of the body

68
Q

myoblast

A

my/o -blast
muscle = immature cell

embryonic cell that develops into a cell of muscle fiber

69
Q

polyplegia

A

poly- -plegia
many = stroke, paralysis

paralysis affecting many muscles

70
Q

position

A

bodily posture or attitude; the manner in which a patient’s body may be arranged for examination

71
Q

prosthesis

A

prosth/e -sis
an addition = condition

artificial device used to replace an organ or body part; such as hand, arm, leg, or hip

72
Q

rheumatism

A

rheumat -ism
discharge = condition

General term used to describe conditions characterized by inflammation, soreness, and stiffness of muscles and pain in joints

73
Q

rigor mortis

A

stiffness of skeletal muscles seen in death; develops between the 4th and 24th hour after death, then ceases

74
Q

strain

A

excessive, forcible stretching of a muscle or the musculotendinous unit

75
Q

tonic

A

ton -ic
tone, tension = pertaining to

pertaining to tone, especially muscular tension

76
Q

torticollis

A

tort/I -collis
twisted = neck

stiff neck caused by spasmodic contraction of the muscles of the neck; wryneck

77
Q

AE

A

above elbow

78
Q

AK

A

above knee

79
Q

BE

A

below elbow

80
Q

BK

A

below knee

81
Q

DTRs

A

deep tendon reflexes

82
Q

FMS

A

fibromyalgia syndrome

83
Q

FROM

A

full range of motion

84
Q

MG

A

myasthenia gravis

85
Q

MS

A

musculoskeletal

86
Q

ROM

A

range of motion

87
Q

sh

A

shoulder

88
Q

SOB

A

shortness of breath

89
Q

TBW

A

total body weight

Medical Terminology (17 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions