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Medical Terminology > Module 6: Additional Suffixes and Digestive System Terminology > Flashcards

Module 6: Additional Suffixes and Digestive System Terminology Flashcards

1
Q

-ectasis, -ectasia

A

dilation (dilatation), widening

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2
Q

cholangiectasis

A

widening of the bile duct

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3
Q

-emesis

A

vomiting

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4
Q

hematemesis

A

vomiting blood

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5
Q

-pepsia

A

digestion

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6
Q

dyspepsia

A

bad digestion

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7
Q

-phagia

A

eating, swallowing

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8
Q

polyphagia

A

excessive appetite and uncontrolled eating

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9
Q

cholangi/o

A

bile duct (vessel)

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10
Q

dys-

A

abnormal, difficult, bad

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11
Q

-plasty

A

surgical repair

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12
Q

abdominoplasty

A

surgical repair of the abdomen, commonly referred to as a tummy tuck

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13
Q

dysphasia

A

abnormal speech

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14
Q

-ptysis

A

spitting

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15
Q

hemoptysis

A

from the respiratory tract and lungs

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16
Q

-rrhage, rrhagia

A

bursting forth (of blood)

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17
Q

hemorrhage

A

loss of a large amount of blood in a short period

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18
Q

-rrhaphy

A

suture

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19
Q

herniorrhaphy

A

repair (suturing) of the hernia

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20
Q

-rrhea

A

flow, discharge

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21
Q

-spasm

A

involuntary contraction of muscles

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22
Q

pylorospasm

A

involuntary contraction of muscles at the pyloric sphincter

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23
Q

bronchospasm

A

involuntary contraction of muscles at the bronchial tubes

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24
Q

-stasis

A

stopping, controlling

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25
Q

cholestasis

A

flow of bile from the liver to the duodenum is interrupted

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26
Q

-stenosis

A

narrowing, tightening

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27
Q

pyloric stenosis

A

tightening of the pyloric sphincter

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28
Q

-tresia

A

opening

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29
Q

atresia

A

absence of a normal opening

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30
Q

emesis (emetic)

A

If a child swallows poison, the physician may prescribe a drug to induce emesis

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31
Q

lysis

A

the disease of liver cells

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32
Q

spasm

A

eating spicy foods can lead to a spasm of gastric sphincters

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33
Q

stasis

A

overgrowth of bacteria within the small intestine can cause stasis of the intestinal contents

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34
Q

stenosis

A

projectile vomiting in an infant during feeding is a clinical sign of pyloric stenosis

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35
Q

bucc/o

A

cheek

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36
Q

buccal

A

Pertaining to the cheek

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37
Q

cec/o

A

cecum

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38
Q

cecal volvulus

A

pertaining to the twisting of the cecum

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39
Q

cheil/o

A

lip

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40
Q

chol/e

A

bile, gall

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41
Q

cholelithiasis

A

abnormal condition of gallstone formation

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42
Q

cheilosis

A

abnormal condition of the lip

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43
Q

cholangi/o

A

bile vessel

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44
Q

cholangitis

A

inflammation of the bile vessels

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45
Q

cholecyst/o

A

gall bladder

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46
Q

cholecystectomy

A

removal or excision of the gallbladder

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47
Q

choledoch/o

A

common bile duct

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48
Q

choledochal

A

pertaining to the common bile duct

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49
Q

choledochectasia

A

widening of the common bile duct

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50
Q

col/o

A

colon

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51
Q

colectomy

A

removal or excision of the colon

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52
Q

What does LAC stand for?

A

Laparoscopic-Assisted Colectomy

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53
Q

colon/o

A

colon

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54
Q

colonoscopy

A

visual examination of the colon

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55
Q

dent/i

A

tooth

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56
Q

dentalgia

A

tooth pain

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57
Q

duoden/o

A

duodenum

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58
Q

duodenal

A

pertaining to the duodenum

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59
Q

enter/o

A

intestines

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60
Q

gastroenteritis

A

inflammation of the stomach and intestines

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61
Q

esophag/o

A

esophagus

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62
Q

esophageal atresia

A

pertaining to no opening at the esophagus, a congenital anomaly must be corrected surgically

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63
Q

gastr/o

A

stomach

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64
Q

gastrojejunostomy

A

new opening between the stomach and jejunum

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65
Q

gastrostomy

A

opening of stomach to the outside of the body

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66
Q

What does PEG stand for?

A

Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy

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67
Q

gingiv/o

A

gums

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68
Q

gingivectomy

A

removal or excision of the gums

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69
Q

gloss/o

A

tongue

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70
Q

glossectomy

A

removal or excision of the tongue

71
Q

gluc/o

72
Q

glyc/o

73
Q

glycogen

A

A form of sugar stored in the liver

74
Q

hepat/o

75
Q

hepatomegaly

A

enlargement of the liver

76
Q

herni/o

77
Q

ile/o

78
Q

ileostomy

A

opening of the ileum to the outside

79
Q

jejun/o

80
Q

cholecystojejunostomy

A

a surgical procedure that creates a connection between the gallbladder and the jejunum

81
Q

labi/o

82
Q

labipodental

A

lips and teeth

83
Q

lingu/o

84
Q

sublingual

A

under the tongue

85
Q

lip/o

86
Q

lipase

A

enzyme that breaks down fat

87
Q

lith/o

88
Q

cholecystolithiasis

A

stones in the gallbladder

89
Q

odont/o

90
Q

periodontal membrane

A

membrane surrounding teeth

91
Q

or/o

92
Q

oropharynx

A

mouth and throat

93
Q

palat/o

94
Q

palatoplasty

A

surgical repair of the cleft palate (a congenital anomaly)

95
Q

pancreat/o

96
Q

pancreatic

A

pertaining to the pancreas

97
Q

pancreatoduodenectomy

A

removal of the pancreas and duodenum

98
Q

proct/o

A

anus and rectum

99
Q

proctosigmoidoscopy

A

visual examination of the anus and rectum

100
Q

pylor/o

A

pyloric sphincter

101
Q

pyloric stenosis

A

narrowing of the pyloric sphincter

102
Q

rect/o

103
Q

sialaden/o

A

salivary glands

104
Q

sialadenectomy

A

removal of the salivary glands

105
Q

splen/o

106
Q

splenic flexure

A

the downward bend in the transverse colon near the spleen

107
Q

hepatic flexure

A

the bend in the transverse colon near the liver

108
Q

steat/o

109
Q

steatorrhea

A

discharge of fat

110
Q

stomat/o

111
Q

aphthous stomatitis

A

inflammation of the mucus with small painful ulcers (canker sores)

112
Q

amylase and lipase tests

A

tests for the levels of amylase and lipase enzymes in the blood

113
Q

liver function tests (LFTs)

A

tests for the presence of enzymes and bilirubin in blood

114
Q

what does LFT stand for?

A

Liver Function Tests

115
Q

stool culture

A

test for microorganisms presents in feces

116
Q

stool guaiac test or hemoccult test

A

test to detect occult (hidden) blood in feces

117
Q

Guaiac

A

a chemical from the wood of trees, when added to a stool sample, it reacts with any blood present in the feces

118
Q

contrast medium

A

a substance that x-rays cannot penetrate

119
Q

lower gastrointestinal series (barium enema)

A

x-ray images of the colon and rectum obtained after injection of barium into the rectum

120
Q

upper gastrointestinal series

A

x-ray images of the esophagus, stomach, and small intestine obtained after administering barium by mouth

121
Q

cholangiography

A

x-ray examination of the biliary system performed after injection of contrast into the bile duct

122
Q

What does ERCP stand for?

A

Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography

123
Q

endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography

A

a contrast medium is administered through an oral catheter (tube) and then passes through the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum and into bile ducts

124
Q

computed tomography

A

a series of x-ray images are taken in multiple views (especially cross section)

125
Q

what does CT stand for?

A

Computed Tomography

126
Q

tom/o

A

means cutting

127
Q

abdominal ultrasonography

A

sound waves beamed into the abdomen produce an image of abdominal viscera

128
Q

what does EUS stand for?

A

Endoscopic Ultrasonography

129
Q

endoscopic ultrasonography

A

use of an endoscope combined with ultrasound to examine the organs of the gastrointestinal tract

130
Q

what does MRI stand for?

A

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

131
Q

magnetic resonance imaging

A

magnetic waves produce images of organs and tissues in all three planes of the body

132
Q

what does HIDA stand for?

A

Hepatobiliary Iminodiacetic Acid

133
Q

HIDA scan

A

radioactive imaging procedure that tracks the production and flow of bile from the liver and gallbladder to the intestine

134
Q

cholescintigraphy

A

another name for the test, which determines if the gallbladder is functioning properly

135
Q

gastric bypass or bariatric surgery

A

reducing the size of the stomach and diverting food to the jejunum

136
Q

bar/o

137
Q

iatr/o

138
Q

what is bariatric surgery for?

A

for severe obesity

139
Q

Roux-en-Y gastric bypass procedure

A

reduces the size of the stomach to a volume of 2 tablespoons and bypasses much of the small intestine

140
Q

gastrointestinal endoscopy

A

visual examination of the gastrointestinal tract using an endoscope

141
Q

what does EGD stand for?

A

Esophagogastroduodenoscopy

142
Q

colonoscopy with polypectomy

A

removing polyps during a colonoscopy

143
Q

laparoscopy

A

visual (endoscopic) examination of the abdomen with a laparoscope inserted through small incisions in the abdomen

144
Q

liver biopsy

A

removal of liver tissue for microscopic examination

145
Q

nasogastric intubation

A

insertion of a tube through the nose into the stomach

146
Q

paracentesis (abdominocentesis)

A

surgical puncture to remove fluid from the abdomen

147
Q

what does alk phos stand for?

A

alkaline phosphatase

148
Q

what does ALT, AST stand for?

A

alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase - enzymes measured to evaluate liver function

149
Q

what does BE stand for?

A

barium enema

150
Q

what does BM stand for?

A

bowel movement

151
Q

what does BRBPR stand for?

A

bright red blood per rectum - hematochezia

152
Q

what does CD stand for?

A

celiac disease

153
Q

what does CT stand for?

A

computed tomography

154
Q

what does EGD stand for?

A

esophagogastroduodenoscopy

155
Q

what does ERCP stand for?

A

endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography

156
Q

what does EUS stand for?

A

endoscopic ultrasonography

157
Q

what does FOBT stand for?

A

fecal occult blood test

158
Q

what does G tube stand for?

A

gastrostomy tube, used to introduce nutrients into the stomach after insertion through the abdominal wall with laparoscopic instruments

159
Q

what does GB stand for?

A

gallbladder

160
Q

what does GERD stand for?

A

gastroesophageal reflux disease

161
Q

what does GI stand for?

A

gastrointestinal

162
Q

what does HBV stand for?

A

hepatitis B virus

163
Q

what does IBD stand for?

A

inflammatory bowel disease (Crohn disease and ulcerative colitis)

164
Q

what does LAC stand for?

A

laparoscopic assisted colectomy

165
Q

what does LTFs stand for?

A

liver function tests - alk phos, bilirubin, AST, and ALT

166
Q

what does NG tube stand for?

A

nasogastric tube

167
Q

what does NPO stand for?

A

nothing by mouth (Latin nil per os)

168
Q

what does PEG tube stand for?

A

percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy tube - feeding tube

169
Q

what does PEJ tube stand for?

A

percutaneous endoscopic jejunostomy tube - feeding tube

170
Q

what does PTHC stand for?

A

percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography

171
Q

what does PUD stand for?

A

peptic ulcer disease

172
Q

what does TPN stand for?

A

intravenous TPN solutions typically contain sugar, proteins, electrolytes, and vitamins

173
Q

what does T tube stand for?

A

tube placed in the bile duct for drainage into a small pouch (bile bag) on the outside of the body

Medical Terminology (18 decks)

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