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Medical Terminology > Module 4: Prefixes > Flashcards

Module 4: Prefixes Flashcards

1
Q

carp/o

A

wrist bones

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2
Q

cib/o

A

meals

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3
Q

cis/o

A

to cut

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4
Q

cost/o

A

rib

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5
Q

cutane/o

A

skin

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6
Q

dactyl/o

A

fingers, toes

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7
Q

duct/o

A

to lead, carry

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8
Q

flex/o

A

to bend

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9
Q

furc/o

A

forking, branching

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10
Q

gloss/o

A

tongue

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11
Q

glyc/o

A

sugar

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12
Q

immun/o

A

protection

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13
Q

morph/o

A

shape, form

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14
Q

nat/i

A

birth

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15
Q

nect/o

A

to bind, tie, connect

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16
Q

norm/o

A

rule, order

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17
Q

ox/o

A

oxygen

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18
Q

pub/o

A

pubis (pubic bone)l anterior portion of the pelvic or hipbone

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19
Q

seps/o

A

infection

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20
Q

somn/o

A

sleep

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21
Q

son/o

A

sound

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22
Q

the/o

A

to put, place

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23
Q

thel/o, theli/o

A

nipple

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24
Q

thyr/o

A

thyroid gland; shield (the shape of the thyroid gland resembled [oid] a shield to those who named it)

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25
Q

top/o

A

place, position, location

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26
Q

tox/o

A

poison

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27
Q

trache/o

A

windpipe, trachea

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28
Q

urethr/o

A

urethra

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29
Q

-blast

A

embryonic, immature

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30
Q

-crine

A

to secrete

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31
Q

-drome

A

to run

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32
Q

-fusion

A

coming together, to pour

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33
Q

-gen

A

substance that produces

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34
Q

-lapse

A

to slide, fall, sag

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35
Q

-lysis

A

breakdown, destruction, separation

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36
Q

-meter

A

to measure

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37
Q

-mission

A

to send

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38
Q

-or

A

one who

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39
Q

-oxia

A

oxygen

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40
Q

-partum

A

birth, labour

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41
Q

-phoria

A

to bear, carry; feeling (mental state)

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42
Q

-physis

A

to grow

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43
Q

-plasia

A

development, formation, growth

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44
Q

-plasm

A

structure or formation

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45
Q

-pnea

A

breathing

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46
Q

-ptosis

A

falling, drooping, prolapse

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47
Q

-rrhea

A

flow, discharge

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48
Q

-stasis

A

stopping, controlling

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49
Q

-trophy

A

development, nourishment

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50
Q

a-, an-

A

no, not, without

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51
Q

ab-

A

away from

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52
Q

ad-

A

toward

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53
Q

ana-

A

up, apart

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54
Q

ante-

A

before, forward

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55
Q

anti-

A

against

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56
Q

auto-

A

self, own

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57
Q

bi-

A

two

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58
Q

brady-

A

slow

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59
Q

cata-

A

down

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60
Q

con-

A

with, together

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61
Q

contra-

A

against, opposite

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62
Q

de-

A

down, lack of

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63
Q

dia-

A

through, complete

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64
Q

dys-

A

bad, painful, difficult, abnormal

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65
Q

ec-, ecto-

A

out, outside

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66
Q

endo-

A

in, within

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67
Q

epi-

A

upon, on, above

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68
Q

eu-

A

good, normal

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69
Q

ex-

A

out, outside, away from

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70
Q

hemi-

A

half

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71
Q

hyper-

A

excessive, above

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72
Q

hypo-

A

deficient, under

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73
Q

in-

A

not

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74
Q

in-

A

into, within

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75
Q

infra-

A

beneath, under

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76
Q

inter-

A

between

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77
Q

intra-

A

in, within, into

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78
Q

macro-

A

large

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79
Q

mal-

A

bad

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80
Q

meta-

A

beyond, change

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81
Q

micro-

A

small

82
Q

neo-

A

new

83
Q

pan-

A

all

84
Q

para-

A

abnormal, beside, near

85
Q

per-

A

through

86
Q

peri-

A

sourrounding

87
Q

poly-

A

many, much

88
Q

post-

A

after, behind

89
Q

pre-

A

before, in front of

90
Q

pro-

A

before, forward

91
Q

pros-

A

before, forward

92
Q

re-

A

back, again

93
Q

retro-

A

behind, backward

94
Q

sub-

A

under

95
Q

supra-

A

above, upper

96
Q

syn-, sym-

A

together, with

97
Q

tachy-

A

fast

98
Q

trans-

A

across, through

99
Q

ultra-

A

beyond, excess

100
Q

uni-

A

one

101
Q

What are the four broad categories that prefixes are divided into?

A

quantity, position or time, appearance, condition

102
Q

later/o

A

one sided

103
Q

unilateral

A

Pertaining to one side

104
Q

bilateral

A

Pertaining to two sides

105
Q

bisect

A

to cut something in two

106
Q

tri-

A

three

107
Q

quadri- or tetra-

A

four

108
Q

Hemiglossectomy

A

The surgical excision of one half of the tongue

109
Q

Pancytopenia

A

A deficiency of all types of blood cells

110
Q

Pancarditis

A

Inflammation of the heart that is occurring in all parts of the heart

111
Q

Esthesi/o

A

sensation, feeling

112
Q

Anesthesia

A

A treatment that makes the patient have no feeling/ unconscious

113
Q

Anoxia

A

Total lack of oxygen

114
Q

Polycystic

A

Any surface or tissue that contains multiple cysts

115
Q

Polyneuritis

A

Inflammation of multiple nerves

116
Q

Hemicrania

A

Headache occurring on one half of the head

117
Q

Hypoglycemia

A

A deficiency of sugar in the blood

118
Q

Hyperglycemia

A

An excess of sugar in the blood

119
Q

Hyperthermia

A

Having too much body heat

120
Q

therm/o

A

heat

121
Q

Ultrafiltration

A

Goes beyond normal filtration by separating out especially small particles

122
Q

Ultrasonography

A

Uses sound waves that go beyond the normal range of human hearing to produce images of internal anatomic structures

123
Q

Hypoxia

A

The condition of have deficient oxygen levels

124
Q

Endoderm

A

The inner most germ layer of the embryo

125
Q

Ectoderm

A

The outer most germ layer of the embryo

126
Q

Ectopic

A

Pertaining to the outside of a particular place

127
Q

Ectopic pregnancy

A

Abnormal pregnancy that occurs somewhere outside the uterus

128
Q

Endoscope

A

An instrument used to examine structures within the body

129
Q

Endotracheal tube

A

A tube that is inserted within the trachea

130
Q

Abductor

A

muscles pull the body part (such as a leg) away from the midline of the body

131
Q

Adductor

A

muscles pull the body part toward the midline of the body

132
Q

Postauricularly

A

Patches that go behind each ear to prevent motion sickness

133
Q

Posthepatic

A

Pertaining to behind the liver

134
Q

Postsplenic

A

Pertaining to behind the spleen

135
Q

Anteflexion

A

The forward bend of an organ

136
Q

Prefrontal

A

Situated in front of the frontal lobe or region of the brain

137
Q

What does Rh+ mean?

A

They have an antigen on the surface of their red blood cells

138
Q

What does Rh- mean?

A

Their RBCs do not have an antigen on the surface

139
Q

Antibody

A

A protein molecule produced by the body to neutralize a specific foreign antigen

140
Q

What is an Rh condition?

A

An antigen-antibody reaction

141
Q

Hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN) or erythroblastosis fetalis

A

Typically occurs during the second pregnancy of a woman with an Rh condition. When the embryo of the second pregnancy is Rh+ and the mother’s acquired antibodies enter the embryo’s bloodstream and attack the RBCs. The result is the creation of new and immature RBCs called erythroblasts.

142
Q

Immunogloulin

A

A protein that is made by B cells and plasma cells (typically white blood cells) and helps the body fight the infection

143
Q

Congenital anomlay

A

A birth defect of a child

144
Q

genit/o

A

Reproduction

145
Q

Epidermis

A

Upper layer of skin

146
Q

Subcutaneous

A

Beneath the skin

147
Q

Intercostal

A

Spaces between the ribs

148
Q

Intravenous

A

Inserting a device into the vein

149
Q

Supracostal

A

The area above the ribs

150
Q

Infracostal

A

The area below the ribs

151
Q

Supraorbital

A

The area above the eye

152
Q

Infraorbital

A

The area below the eye

153
Q

Parathyroid glands

A

Named for their location beside the thyroid gland

154
Q

Pericardium

A

The structure that surrounds the heart

155
Q

Periosteum

A

Specialized connective tissue surrounding the bones, except at their extremities

156
Q

Paralysis

A

Abnormal separation or loosening between nerve and muscle

157
Q

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GRD)

A

aka acid reflux; to flow back

158
Q

Relapse

A

to fall back; when a disease or its signs and symptoms return after an apparent recovery

159
Q

Retroflexion

A

The process of bending backwards

160
Q

Retroperitoneal

A

Pertaining to behind the peritoneum

161
Q

Syndactyly

A

Two or more fingers and toes are fused together (webbed)

162
Q

Symphysis

A

A joint in which the bony surfaces are brought together by a layer of fibrocartilage to perform a function

163
Q

Symphysis pubis

A

A joint is formed by the union of two pubic bones by a thick mass of fibrocartilage

164
Q

Symphysis literal meaning

A

Literally means the bones have grown together (sym- = together; -physis = to grow)

165
Q

Syndrome

A

A group of symptoms that run together

166
Q

Prodrome

A

Symptom(s) that appear to run before the onset of an illness

167
Q

Prolapse

A

The downward displacement of an organ from its normal position

168
Q

Recombinant DNA technology or Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)

A

The process of taking a gene from one organism and inserting it into the DNA of another organism

169
Q

Reye Syndrome

A

Characterized by vomiting, swelling of the brain, increased intracranial pressure, hypoglycemia, and dysfunction of the liver

170
Q

Marfan Syndrome

A

An inherited connective tissue disorder marked by a tall, thin body type with long, “spidery” fingers and toes, elongated head, and heart, blood vessel, and ophthalmic abnormalities

171
Q

Arachnodactyly

A

Elongated fingers and toes

172
Q

Percutaneous

A

Pertaining to through the skin

173
Q

Dialysis

A

A procedure for the separation of certain elements from the blood by diffusion through a semipermeable membrane

174
Q

Transfusion

A

A small needle is used to insert an intravenous line into the recipient’s bloodstream, and healthy blood flows through the IV line into the recipient’s bloodstream

175
Q

Transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP)

A

A portion of the prostate is removed through the urethra; the purpose is to remove hyperplastic prostatic tissue that is interfering with urination

176
Q

Catabasis

A

The stage decline of a disease, as the disease winds downs

177
Q

Analysis

A

The process of taking something apart by separating out its components to study and understand them

178
Q

Dehydration

A

A condition of a lack of water in the body

179
Q

Microscope

A

An instrument that allows very small objects to be examined with the eye

180
Q

Macrocephaly

A

A congenital anomaly, the size of the head is excessive in relation to the rest of the body

181
Q

Insomniac

A

A person who is unable to sleep or remain asleep

182
Q

Pseudomelanoma

A

A false cancerous skin lesion

183
Q

Pseudocyesis

A

False pregnancy

184
Q

Metacarpal bones

A

Bones that are distal or beyond the carpal (wrist bones)

185
Q

Metamorphosis

A

Embryonic stem cells spontaneously or undergo change to form many different kinds of mature cells

186
Q

Metastasis

A

Occurs when a tumour develops or spreads beyond the site of origin

187
Q

Euthyroid

A

A healthy, normal thyroid gland

188
Q

Dysplasia

A

The abnormal development of tissues or organs or an alternation in cell growth, sometimes as a result of chronic irritation

189
Q

Dyspnea

A

Difficulty breathing

190
Q

Muscular dystrophy

A

Abnormal development that causes muscular weakness and deterioration

191
Q

Malnutrition

A

Bad or inadequate nutrition

192
Q

Neonatal

A

Pertains to the first 28 days after birth for a new infant

193
Q

Neoplasm

A

The abnormal formation of new tissue, whether malignant or benign

194
Q

Fissue

A

A type of fracture

195
Q

Contrafissure

A

A fracture that occurs opposite to where the blow was received

196
Q

Contralateral

A

Muscles on one side of the body are controlled by nerves on the opposite

197
Q

Contraindication

A

Any factor or condition that renders a treatment improper or undesirable; the treatment goes against what is best for the patient

198
Q

Immune system

A

Effectively functions to defend the body against disease

199
Q

Autoimmune diseases

A

The body makes antibodies that attack its own healthy cells and tissues causing inflammation and injury

200
Q

Tachypnea

A

Abnormally rapid breathing

201
Q

Tachycardia

A

Abnormally rapid heartbeats

202
Q

Acalulia

A

A neurological condition that makes it difficult to perform basic math

Medical Terminology (8 decks)

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