Module 1: Basic Word Structure Flashcards
What are Eponyms?
Medical terms derived from the name of the person who first identified the condition or devised the medical procedure
What is an example of an eponym?
the Heimlich Maneuver
What are Acronyms?
An abbreviation that we pronounce as if it were a word instead of speaking each letter
What is an example of an acronym?
AIDs, not A.I.D.S or MRI, not magnetic resonance imaging
What are the three strategies for analyzing medical terms?
- Analyze words by dividing them into component parts
- Relate the medical terms to the structure and function of the body systems
- Be aware of spelling and pronunciation problems
Encephal/o
brain
Cardiovascular System
cardi/o = heart
Skeletal System
brachi/o = arm
pelv/o = pelvis
pod/o = foot
Digestive System
hepat/o = liver
gastr/o = stomach
-itis
Inflammation
hepatitis
inflammation of the liver
What is ileum?
A portion of the small intestine
What is ilium?
A part of the hip bone
What two components are most medical terms made up of?
A root and a suffix
What is a word root?
The main part/ foundation and contains the essential meaning, usually indicating a body part
What is a suffix?
The ending of the word which indicates the procedure, condition, or disease
nephrosis
abnormal kidney
word root nephr
kidney
-osis
abnormal condition
word root cephal
head
word root oste
bone
word root neur
nerve
word root enter
intestines
word root rhin
nose
word root carcin
cancer
word root path
disease
word root leuk
white
word root erythr
red
word root cyst
bladder
word root cyt
cell
word root cis
to cut
word root bi
life
Do some word roots and suffixes share the same meaning?
yes
word root cyt vs. suffix
cyte
word root path vs. suffix
pathy
-pathy
disease
-cyte
cell
-ectomy
removal or excision
-tomy
cutting into or incision
-logy
study of
-opsy
view of
-emia
blood condition
-oma
tumor
-ic or -al
pertaining to
-scopy
visual examination
-ion
process
derm (word root) -al (suffix)
dermal, pertaining to the skin
What are combining vowels (CV)?
vowels that are sometimes necessary when joining a word root and a suffix
hemat (word root), o (combining vowel), -logy (suffix)
hematology, the study of blood
What is the most common combining vowel?
O
A word root and a combining vowel put together is called what?
A combining form (CF)
combining form aden/o
gland
combining form ren/o
kidney
combining form ur/o
urine; urinary
combining form febr/i
fever
combining form bil/i
bile
combining form bi/o
life
When do you not use a combining vowel?
Do not use when the suffix begins with a vowel ONLY when word roots start with a vowel
electrocardiogram
the record of the electrical conduction of the heart
gastroenterology
study of the stomach and intestines
renal
pertaining to the kidney
nephrectomy
removal of the kidney
arthralgia
joint pain
What depends on the use of the CV?
the suffix and pronunciation
What is a prefix?
An element located at the beginning of a term that modifies the meaning of the word root
What do prefixes indicate?
number, position, direction, time, or negation
prefix bi
two
prefix sub
under
prefix inter
between
prefix pre
before
prefix a-, an-
without, not
hyper-
to excessive, above, or more than normal
hypo-
to the deficient, below, or less than normal
epi-
above or upon
en-, endo-
inside or within
in-
in or into
ex-
out or away from
auto-
self
where is the submandibular gland and duct located?
under the mandible (jawbone)
prefix, word root, suffix example
Microbiology, the study of small life
What is the Heimlich Maneuver?
Created by J.H Heimlich to remove dislodged food from the airway of a person choking
What does MRI stand for?
Medical Imaging Resonance
What does CT stand for?
Computed Tomography
What does CAT stand for?
Computed Axial Tomography
What is a gastrectomy?
The surgical removal/ excision of the stomach
What is thrombosis?
The abnormal condition of having a clot
What is hemat?
Blood
What is hematology?
The study of blood
What does osteoarthritis mean?
Inflammation of the joint and bone
-gram
record
-plasty
Surgical repair
Rhin/o
Nose
Lingu/o
tongue
