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Neuroanatomy > Module 6 > Flashcards

Module 6 Flashcards

0
Q

What connects the thalami?

A

Massa intermedia
Aka
Interthalamic adhesion

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1
Q

What are the 4 anatomic structures of the diencephalon?

A

Thalamus
Hypothalamus
Epithalamus
Subthalamic

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2
Q

What is the key function of the thalamus?

A

It’s the processing center of the brain

GRAND CENTRAL STATION

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3
Q

What are the other functions of the thalamus?

A

Central relay station for sensory data
(Relays/receives general/sensory data)
performs gross interpretation of data

Integrates sensorimotor (includes motor speech) ROLE in MOTOR

Cognition/language behavior from Parieto-occ. (Sg/AG)

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4
Q

What happens when you have a lesion to the thalamus?

A

Aphasic symptoms

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5
Q

What are the two types of thalamic nuclei?

A 
Relay nuclei (specific)
Diffuse projection nuclei (non-specific)
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6
Q

What is the difference between relay and diffuse projection nuclei?

A

R: associated with specific sensory modality/ motor input
D: connections with thalamic nuclei/ cortex (non-specific)

R: projects to specific defined part of cortex
D: projects to entire cortex

R: receives input from specific defined part of cortex (reciprocal)
D: receives input from BS RF, thalamic nuclei and basal forebrain

D: influence arousal/ excitability
R: makes up most of thalamus

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7
Q

What are the 6 nuclear groups of the thalamic nuclei?

A 
Anterior nucleus
Reticular nucleus 
Intralaminar nucleus
Medial nuclear complex
Lateral nuclear complex (SPL)
Ventral nuclear complex (SPL)
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8
Q

What is the function of the anterior nucleus?

A

Mediates emotional/ affective info
Visceral information
Related to limbic system

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9
Q

What is the function of the reticular nucleus?

A

Regulates level of activity of thalamic neurons

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10
Q

What is the function of the intralaminar nucleus?

A

Modulates (adjusts) arousal/ excitability of neurons related to sensorimotor
Probably role in pain perception

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11
Q

What is the function of the medial nuclear complex AKA dorsomedial?

A

Integrates visceral information BASED ON affect, emotions, thought processes and judgment

Lesions: lower threshold for rage
*ie If you’re really nervous you may throw up** thanks Lori lol

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12
Q

What is the function of the lateral nuclear complex aka pulvinar?

A

LARGEST thalamic nuclei

RECEIVES afferent connections from primary/association visual vortices
SENDS efferents to parietal/occipital/temporal (SG/AG)

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13
Q

Lesions to the lateral nuclear complex cause what?

A

Transient/persisting aphasia

Naming disturbances/ fluency disorders

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14
Q

Name the 5 nuclei that make up the ventral nuclear complex

A 
Ventral Anterior 
Ventral lateral
Ventral posterior 
Medial geniculate body
Lateral geniculate body
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15
Q

What are the two types of ventral posterior nuclei?

A

Ventral posterior medial

Ventral posterior lateral

16
Q

What is the function of the ventral nuclear complex?

A

Relay center for specific sensory and motor information

17
Q

What is the function of the ventral anterior (VAN)?

A

Control voluntary skilled movements with BG (aff.) and area 4/6 (eff.)

18
Q

What is the function of the ventral lateral (VLN)?

A

Motor relay nucleus
Regulates volitional movements
(Eff.) to area 4
(Aff.) from cerebellum and GP

19
Q

What is the function of the ventral posterior (VPN)?

A

General and discriminative sensory

20
Q

What is the importance of the ventral posterior lateral?

A

Part of the VPN
Relays sensory info from body to 2/3 of the 3-1-2

Deals with discriminative (fine) touch

21
Q

What is the importance of the ventral posterior medial (VPM)?

A

Part of the VPN
relays sensory info from the head and face to the lower 1/3 of the 3-1-2

Deals with discriminative touch
Also taste

22
Q

What is the function of the lateral geniculate body?

A

Relay center for vision

23
Q

What is the function of the medial geniculate body?

A

Relay center for audition

24
Q

Does epithalamus serve autonomic functions?

A

Yes
Endocrine
Emotional

25
Q

What is importance about the subthalamic nucleus?

A

Part of BG

BIdirectional communication to GB

26
Q

What is the function of the hypothalamus?

A

Important role in releasing hormones
Regulates body temperature/sexual behavior/ emotional states
Regulates homeostasis

Neuroanatomy (19 decks)

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