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Neuroanatomy > Module 12 > Flashcards

Module 12 Flashcards

0
Q

Do spinal nerves have motor or sensory neurons?

A

*TRICK QUESTION**

Both; sensory and motor

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1
Q

What do the spinal nerves do?

A

Innervate trunk and limbs

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2
Q

Which type of nerves do the spinal roots serve?

A

Dorsal roots: afferents
Cell body in dorsal root ganglia

Ventral roots: efferents
Cell body in ventral root ganglia

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3
Q

What type of neuron does the dorsal roots have?

A

Unipolar

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4
Q

What type of neuron does the ventral roots have?

A

Multipolar

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5
Q

Do the ipsilateral spinal roots form the spinal nerves?

A

Yes!!!

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6
Q

What do all spinal nerves supply?

A

Sensory innervation for skin segments

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7
Q

What do lesions to a single spinal nerve cause?

A

Nothing

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8
Q

Does a numerous amount of spinal damage nerves cause problems?

A

Helps to determine the level of the lesion

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9
Q

What comprises the peripheral parts of the SC?

A

White matter

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10
Q

How is the gray matter divided in the SC?

A

Horizontal plane:

I-VI- dorsal horn

VII- lateral horn

VIII- XI- ventral horn

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11
Q

How are the matter tracts oriented on the SC?

A

Vertically

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12
Q

What do the lateral, anterior and posterior funiculi contain?

A

Lateral- sensory and motor pathways
Anterior- motor
Posterior- sensory

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13
Q

Name the 2 types of motor neurons?

A

Alpha motor neurons (somatic)

GAMMA motor neurons (somatic)

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14
Q

What two fibers are in skeletal muscles?

A

Extrafusal (muscle fibers)- make up mass; innervated by ALPHA motor neurons
Infrafusal- part of muscle spindle; innervated by GAMMA motor neurons

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15
Q

Where are interneurons located?

A

In the gray matter of the SC

16
Q

What is the function of the interneurons ?

A

Innervated anterior motor neurons

InterGRATIVE role in motor behavior

17
Q

What terminates on the interneurons?

A

Incoming sensory neurons

Outgoing efferent neurons

18
Q

What are the roles of the muscle receptors?

A

Excitation of the muscle by the alpha (anterior) motor neurons

Continuous feedback of info from the muscle (length, tension, rate of length/tension)

19
Q

Name the two special sensory receptors?

A

Muscle spindle

The Golgi tendon organ

20
Q

What does proprioceptors allow us to do?

A

Sense position

Sense movement of head, jaws, limbs, trunk

21
Q

What kind of receptor is the muscle spindle?

What does it do?

A

Stretch receptor

Monitors the rate of change of the muscle length and the muscle length itself

22
Q

Name the types of intradusal fiber of the muscle spinal?

A

Nuclear chain

Nuclear bag

23
Q

What is the capsule of the spindle continuous with?

A

Tendon of the muscle

24
Q

Where is the nuclei of the intrafusal fiber concentrated?

A

Middle of the fiber

25
Q

Are type Ia sensory fibers slow or fast conduction?

A

Fast conducting

26
Q

What are the sensory endings that wrap around the intrafusal fibers?

A

Primary -annulospinal

Secondary -flower spray ending

27
Q

What does the annulospiral (primary ending) innervate?

A

Nuclear bag/ chain

28
Q

What does the secondary (flower spray ending) innervate?

A

The nuclear chain intrafusal ONLY

29
Q

What does the static response of the muscle spindle do?

A

Responds to:

Length/ stretch
Have primary/ secondary ending response
Response lasts for duration of stretch
Response from nuclear chain( Ia/II afferents)

30
Q

What does the dynamic response of the muscle spindle do?

A

Monitors rate of change

Only primary ending responds

Response from nuclear bag

31
Q

What’s the role of the gamma motor neuron?

A

Refine/ damping movements (BG/cerebellum/cortex)

Regulate spindle sensitivity

32
Q

What’s the role of the alpha motor neurons?

A

Effect voluntary movements

Inputs from area 4/3-1-2

33
Q

What does the Golgi tendon organ respond to?

A

Muscle tension and rate of change

34
Q

What does the static response of the GTO ( Golgi) do?

A

Steady muscle tension

Steady firing

35
Q

What does the dynamic response of the GTO (Golgi) do?

A

Suddenly increases tension

Increase in firing

36
Q

Name the 2 types of intrafusal fibers?

A

Nuclear chain

Nuclear bag

Neuroanatomy (19 decks)

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