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Neuroanatomy > Module 10 > Flashcards

Module 10 Flashcards

0
Q

What causes lesions (ie stroke)?

A

Impaired blood flow

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1
Q

What are 3 ways the blood supply is interrupted?

A

Motor/sensory disturbance

Cognitive disturbance

Neural tissue death

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2
Q

Where does venous blood drain into?

A

Dural sinuses

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3
Q

Where does the brain get its energy?

A

Glucose metabolism

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4
Q

What does neuronal activity depend on?

A

Second by second delivery of oxygen from blood

That’s why being brain dead for even a second is harmful

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5
Q

How much blood does the brain get from the blood pumped to the heart?

How much oxygen is consumed from the oxygen used by the body?

A

1/5 of blood

20% of oxygen

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6
Q

How much blood flows through the brain each minute?

A

0.8 l

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7
Q

Name the 2 arterial system

A

Internal carotid

Vertebral basilar

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8
Q

What is the function of the internal carotid arterial tree?

A

Supplies blood to the anterior brain

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9
Q

How does the internal carotid arterial tree (ICAT) enter the cranium?

A

Through the temporal bone

Into middle fossa

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10
Q

Where does the ICA (internal carotid arterial) arise from?

A

Common carotid (CCA)

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11
Q

What are the 2 main branches the ICA divide into?

A

Anterior cerebral artery (ACA)

Middle cerebral artery (MCA)

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12
Q

What areas does the ACA supply blood!

A

Oribital/medial frontal lobe

Medial parietal lobe

ALL areas of corpus callosum EXCEPT splenium

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13
Q

Name the artery that connects the anterior carotid artery

A

Anterior communication artery (AC)

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14
Q

Where is the middle cerebral artery?

A

Between the temporal lobe and the insula

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15
Q

What areas doss the MCA (middle cerebral artery) supply?

A

Frontal branch
parietal branch
Temporal branch

16
Q

What are the areas of the frontal branch that the MCA supplies?

A

Broca’s area
Motor association cortex
Primary motor cortex

17
Q

What are the areas of the parietal branch that the MCA supplies?

A

Somasensory Cortex
Supramarginal gyrus
Angular gyrus

18
Q

What are the areas of the temporal branch that the MCA supplies?

A

Heschl’s gyrus

Wernickes area

19
Q

What happens if there damage to the MCA?

A 
Contealateral hemiparesis
Impaired sensory systems
Aphasia 
Apraxia 
Reading/writing deficits
20
Q

What is the posterior communication artery?

A

Connects posterior cerebral artery (PCA, main branch of basilar artery)

21
Q

Which area does the vertebral basilar arterial tree service?

A

The posterior circulation to the brain

22
Q

what two arteries are included in the basilar vertebral tree?

A

Vertebral artery

Basilar artery

23
Q

How does the vertebral artery enter the skull?

A

Through the foramen magnum

Ascends thru the foramina

24
Q

What does the VA (vertebral artery) help form? With a partner…

A

The basilar artery

25
Q

Which part of the BS is the VA on?

A

The ventral surface of the medulla

26
Q

Which part of the BS is the BA (basilar artery) on?

A

Midline on pons

27
Q

Is the basilar artery paired?

A

NO! it connects to the VA (ventral artery) and that is paired

28
Q

What areas do the PCA (posterior cerebral artery) supply?

A

Anterior temporal lobe
Inferior temporal gyrus
Occipital cortex (area 17)
Splenium of the corpus callosum

29
Q

What is the circle of Willis?

A

Connects the VA & BA & IC systems

30
Q

What is the role of the circle of Willis?

A

Safety valve in event of interruption to blood flow

31
Q

What is a stroke

AKA cerebrovascular accident?

A

Deprivation of blood to the brain

32
Q

What is a thrombosis?

A

Clot in artery

33
Q

What is an embolism

A

Traveling clot

34
Q

what causes strokes?

A

Occlusive (I.e thrombosis/embolism)
Hemorrhagic
CVA (aphasia etc)

35
Q

Where does the venous drain from the brain?

A

Into the internal jugular (at base of skull)

36
Q

Where does the drainage of the internal jugular go to?

A

Returns blood to the heart

37
Q

What sinuses drainage into the internal jugular?

A

Superior Sagittal sinus
Inferior Sagittal sinus
Straight sinus
Transverse sinus

Neuroanatomy (19 decks)

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