Module 10 Flashcards
What causes lesions (ie stroke)?
Impaired blood flow
What are 3 ways the blood supply is interrupted?
Motor/sensory disturbance
Cognitive disturbance
Neural tissue death
Where does venous blood drain into?
Dural sinuses
Where does the brain get its energy?
Glucose metabolism
What does neuronal activity depend on?
Second by second delivery of oxygen from blood
That’s why being brain dead for even a second is harmful
How much blood does the brain get from the blood pumped to the heart?
How much oxygen is consumed from the oxygen used by the body?
1/5 of blood
20% of oxygen
How much blood flows through the brain each minute?
0.8 l
Name the 2 arterial system
Internal carotid
Vertebral basilar
What is the function of the internal carotid arterial tree?
Supplies blood to the anterior brain
How does the internal carotid arterial tree (ICAT) enter the cranium?
Through the temporal bone
Into middle fossa
Where does the ICA (internal carotid arterial) arise from?
Common carotid (CCA)
What are the 2 main branches the ICA divide into?
Anterior cerebral artery (ACA)
Middle cerebral artery (MCA)
What areas does the ACA supply blood!
Oribital/medial frontal lobe
Medial parietal lobe
ALL areas of corpus callosum EXCEPT splenium
Name the artery that connects the anterior carotid artery
Anterior communication artery (AC)
Where is the middle cerebral artery?
Between the temporal lobe and the insula
What areas doss the MCA (middle cerebral artery) supply?
Frontal branch
parietal branch
Temporal branch
What are the areas of the frontal branch that the MCA supplies?
Broca’s area
Motor association cortex
Primary motor cortex
What are the areas of the parietal branch that the MCA supplies?
Somasensory Cortex
Supramarginal gyrus
Angular gyrus
What are the areas of the temporal branch that the MCA supplies?
Heschl’s gyrus
Wernickes area
What happens if there damage to the MCA?
Contealateral hemiparesis Impaired sensory systems Aphasia Apraxia Reading/writing deficits
What is the posterior communication artery?
Connects posterior cerebral artery (PCA, main branch of basilar artery)
Which area does the vertebral basilar arterial tree service?
The posterior circulation to the brain
what two arteries are included in the basilar vertebral tree?
Vertebral artery
Basilar artery
How does the vertebral artery enter the skull?
Through the foramen magnum
Ascends thru the foramina
What does the VA (vertebral artery) help form? With a partner…
The basilar artery
Which part of the BS is the VA on?
The ventral surface of the medulla
Which part of the BS is the BA (basilar artery) on?
Midline on pons
Is the basilar artery paired?
NO! it connects to the VA (ventral artery) and that is paired
What areas do the PCA (posterior cerebral artery) supply?
Anterior temporal lobe
Inferior temporal gyrus
Occipital cortex (area 17)
Splenium of the corpus callosum
What is the circle of Willis?
Connects the VA & BA & IC systems
What is the role of the circle of Willis?
Safety valve in event of interruption to blood flow
What is a stroke
AKA cerebrovascular accident?
Deprivation of blood to the brain
What is a thrombosis?
Clot in artery
What is an embolism
Traveling clot
what causes strokes?
Occlusive (I.e thrombosis/embolism)
Hemorrhagic
CVA (aphasia etc)
Where does the venous drain from the brain?
Into the internal jugular (at base of skull)
Where does the drainage of the internal jugular go to?
Returns blood to the heart
What sinuses drainage into the internal jugular?
Superior Sagittal sinus
Inferior Sagittal sinus
Straight sinus
Transverse sinus
