Module 3 - Carbohydrates Part 2

Question 1

Which hormones are used in blood glucose regulation (high/low)?

Answer 1

High = insulin (store as glycogen)
Low = glucagon (break down glycogen to make glucose)

Question 2

What is diabetes? What is the main difference (s) between type 1 and type 2?

Answer 2

Diabetes = when not enough insulin so glucose cannot be used as fuel for the cells.
Difference: type 1 = children/ado. need insulin. type 2= adults, not necessarily need insulin.

Question 3

What is hyperglycemia, hypoglycemia and glycosuria?

Answer 3

Hyper = high glucose in blood
Hypo = low glucose in blood
Glycosuria = glucose in urine, kidney cannot reabsorb all the glucose and put back in circulation.

Question 4

What happens when there is diabetic ketoacidoses/ketosi?

Answer 4

Ketone bodies are produced from fat by the liver because there is not enough intake of carbs. They are going to be used as fuel.

Question 5

What are the pros and cons of a keto diet?

Answer 5

Pros: more satiety, lowe weight quickly, blood glucose control
Cons: low fiber intake, headache, fatigue, ketone breath.

Question 6

What are the causes of lactose intolerance?

Answer 6

Reduction of production of lactase. Prevalence of a genetic component.

Question 7

What are the symptoms of the irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)? And which population is more affected?

Answer 7

Discomfort, diarrhea, flatulence, urgency to defecate. More common in women.

Question 8

What is the low FODMAP diet for IBS?

Answer 8

Groups of food contribute fermentation in large intestine = cause abdominal pain, cramping, etc. RESTRCITED (carb, fiber)

Question 9

Which chemical components are problematic for IBS?

Answer 9

Lactose, fructose and sugar alcohols.