Module 1.4

Question 1

Brain stem (include pieces + medulla)

Answer 1

generally controls basic functioning such as breathing and heart rate

Question 2

Reticular activating system

Answer 2

along with the brain’s reward center generally control some voluntary movement, eye movement, and some types of learning, cognition, and emotion.

Question 3

Brain’s reward center (hypothalamus)

Answer 3

along with the reticular activating system generally control some voluntary movement, eye movement, and some types of learning, cognition, and emotion.

Question 4

Cerebellum

Answer 4

generally controls coordination of muscle movement, balance, and some forms of procedural memory

Question 5

Cerebral cortex

Answer 5

divided into two hemispheres and includes the limbic system, corpus callosum, and the lobes of the cortex

Question 6

Limbic system

Answer 6

the thalamus, hypothalamus, pituitary gland, hippocampus, amygdala; associated with emotions and drives

Question 7

Thalamus

Answer 7

the brain’s sensory control center, located on top of the brainstem; it directs messages to the sensory receiving areas in the cortex and transmits replies to the cerebellum and medulla

Question 8

Hypothalamus

Answer 8

a neural structure lying below the thalamus; it directs several maintenance activities (eating, drinking, body temperature), helps govern the endocrine system via the pituitary gland, and is linked to emotion and reward

Question 9

Pituitary gland

Answer 9

master endocrine gland

Question 10

Hippocampus

Answer 10

a neural center located in the limbic system; helps process for storage explicit memories of facts and events

Question 11

Amygdala

Answer 11

2 lima bean sized neural clusters in the limbic system; linked to emotion

Question 12

Corpus callosum

Answer 12

the fibers connecting the two cerebral hemispheres

Question 13

Lobes of the cortex

Answer 13

occipital lobes, temporal lobes, parietal lobes, frontal lobes

Question 14

Occipital lobes

Answer 14

generally control visual information processing and are located in the rear of the brain

Question 15

Temporal lobes

Answer 15

generally control auditory and linguistic processing and are located on the sides of the brain

Question 16

Parietal lobes

Answer 16

generally control association areas and the somatosensory cortex; found in the back crown of the brain

Question 17

Association areas

Answer 17

processes and organize information; involved in higher mental functions usch as learning, remembering, thinking, and speaking

Question 18

Somatosensory cortex

Answer 18

processes touch sensitivity

Question 19

Frontal lobes

Answer 19

located just behind the forehead, generally control linguistic processing, higher-order thinking, and executive function

Question 20

Motor cortex

Answer 20

located at the rear of the frontal lobes and controls most types of skeletal movement

Question 21

Split brain

Answer 21

reveals that the right and left hemispheres of the brain may specialize in different activities and functions

Question 22

Left hemisphere

Answer 22

location of the areas of the brain that affect language

Question 23

Broca’s area

Answer 23

area responsible for speech production

Question 24

Wernicke’s area

Answer 24

area responsible for speech comprehension

Question 25

Aphasia

Answer 25

disorder that results from damage to Broca/Wernicke’s area

Question 26

Contralateral hemispheric organization

Answer 26

the arrangement whereby the motor cortex of each cerebral hemisphere is mainly responsible for control of movements of the contralateral (opposite) side of the body.

Question 27

Brain plasticity

Answer 27

the ability of the brain to rewire itself or modify or create new connections throughout development and generally allows fo the function of a damaged part of the brain to be assumed by a different part of the brain

Question 28

EEG

Answer 28

electroencephalogram, an amplified recording of the waves of electrical activity sweeping across the brain’s surface; these waves are measured by electrodes placed on the scalp

Question 29

fMRI

Answer 29

technique for revealing blood flow and, therefore, brain activity by comparing successive MRI scans; shows both function and structure

Question 30

Lesioning

Answer 30

tissue destruction