Module 11.3

Question 1

Fractures

Answer 1

Complete or incomplete
Physiological or pathological
Physiological-normal condition hit by greater force than what it could adapt to
Pathological-intrinsic problem

Question 2

Viscoelastic

Answer 2

Strength of bone depends on rate upon which it is loaded
Bone stronger when rapidly loaded, more rapid, more inflexible
Advantageous-most injuries due to impact with high loading forces, bone-stiffer
If failure point of loading reached, fx

Question 3

Anisotropic

Answer 3

Responds differently when forces are applied in diff directions
Bone stronger when longitudinal, weaker when transverse

Question 4

Fx cont.

Answer 4

Transverse more common in abuse
Affected bt age, species, BCS, location, comorbidities
Rad/pathology can help determine how long present
Sharp edges-fresh, smooth edges & callus-old
Once healed, cannot be aged by rads

Question 5

Pelvic fx

Answer 5

Bones forming pelvis make box-v strong, lots of force necessary to break
At least 2 fx when broken, often due to accidents like HBC

Question 6

Skull fx

Answer 6

Lower forces capable than necessary at other locations
Fx lines radiate out from impact point-if multiple pts, Puppe’s Rule:2nd fx intersects w 1st, then STOPS
More common in NAI cases

Question 7

Rib fx

Answer 7

Common in NAI
Bilateral seen-at least 2 distinct forces impact each side
MVA-one side of body, cranial
Use caution in deceased cases-sig trauma
Harder to fx puppies and kittens bc of elasticity
Certain diseases make non-traumatic rib fx more common in senior cats