Module 10.6

Question 1

Fighting injuries-skin

Answer 1

Punctures
Upper and lower bite wounds (arcades) maybe ID’ed & corresponding scars
Varied healing
Medical intervention (staples, sutures, etc.)

Question 2

Fighting injuries-patterns

Answer 2

Organized fights
BDLD
MDMD-same sex/weight

Question 3

Organized dog fighting patterns

Answer 3

Specific injuries
Forelimbs 96.8%
Dorsal/lateral head 93.5%
Muzzle/oral mucosa 88.7%
Ventral neck/thoracic region 58.1%

Question 4

BDLD fighting patterns

Answer 4

Thorax and abdomen: lat 35%, dorsal 20%, ventral 16.9%
Dorsal/lat neck 26.3%
Eye/periorbital 15.6%

Question 5

MDMD patterns

Answer 5

Pinnae 44.4%
Dorsal/lat neck 41.7%
Forelimbs 41.7%
Muzzle/oral mucosa 25%
Dorsal/lat head 19.4%
Pelvic limbs 16.7%

Question 6

Other findings

Answer 6

Thickened lips-scar tissue
Buccal mucosa trauma
Absent portion of lips
Slab fx/fx canines and incisors
Avulsed gingiva
Various healing fxs
Abraded feet
Alopecia ventral neck
Cropped ears (not as common)
Other injuries-GSW, BFT, Electrocution (lots of animals killed if they lose)

Question 7

Non-fighting findings-infectious disease

Answer 7

Vector-borne pathogens in 164/269 (61%)
-Babesia gibsoni (39%)
-Dirofilaria immitis (12%)
Co-infection-Babesia and Mycoplasma haematoparvum
Fecal pathogens 71/189 (37%)

Question 8

Babesia gibsoni

Answer 8

Fever, V+, anorexia
Transmitted through: ticks, vertical transmission (mother>pup), bites
Hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, lymphadenomegaly, splenomegaly

Question 9

Dirofilaria immitis (HW)

Answer 9

Mild cough, exercise intolerance/reluctance, fatigue, hyporexia, weight loss
Mosquitoes
Find adult worms in heart/lungs after death, and enlarged heart
6mo larvae>HWs (microfilaria)

Question 10

Scar charts

Answer 10

Pattern/distribution
Differentiate wounds/scars (diff colors!)-estimate age of wounds (chronic vs acute)
Note evidence of medical care (sutures, staples, etc.)

Question 11

Fighting dog behavior

Answer 11

Not aggressive towards humans
Attacks unprovoked/minimally provoked
Do not respond to normal dog cues-attack warning, submission, sexual “dysfunction” (require manipulation like muzzles or rape stands to mate)
Fight to exhaustion/death (bred this way)

Question 12

Bait dog injuries (training dogs)

Answer 12

Usually dogs that aren’t strong enough, big enough, etc.
Scarring/punctures over most of body-abdomen and hind limbs
Teeth filed/removed so they do not injure fighting dogs (can also be worn down), duct taped mouth to ensure no injury to fighting dogs