Module 11-12 Flashcards
What is the peritoneum?
The serous membrane lining the cavity of the abdomen and covering the abdominal organs
What is the role of the mesentery?
Suspends the digestive organs within the abdominal cavity, while anchoring them loosely to the abdominal wall.
Where is the omentum found and what is it composed of?
Hangs down over the small intestine and is composed of deposits of fat
What does enzyme amylase break down?
Starch
What does the enzyme lipase break down?
Fats during digestion
In the stomach what happens to Rugae when the stomach is empty vs full?
When empty it wrinkles into folds and when full it flattens out and the stomach expands
What is the role of the hepatic artery?
Delivers oxygenated blood from the aorta to the liver
What is the role of the portal vein?
Oxygen poor but nutrient rich blood from the digestive organs and spleen to the liver
Where is the liver found and what are the mean functions?
It’s found in the upper right abdomen and the main functions include storing and releasing glucose, processing vitamins and minerals, filtering toxins and recycling old blood cells
What is the duodenum?
The part of the small intestine where pancreatic and bile ducts empty their secretions
What helps form bones
Osteoblasts
Osteoclasts
Dissolve unwanted bone
What are nature osteoblasts embedded in hardened bone matrix called?
Osteocytes
The bones of the skull join at which immovable joints?
Sutures
The atlas
Consists of a delicate ring and a large vertebral foramen. Depressions on each side of the vertebra articulate with bony projections from the occipital bone of the skull. When the head moves back and forth the projections rock back and forth in these depressions ( nodding yes)
The axis
Has a projection called the send or odontoid process, the dens project into the atlas and allows the head to swivel from side to side ( saying no)
What does the thoracic cage consist of?
The thoracic vertebra, the ribs and the sternum. These bones surround and protect the heart and lungs
What are the three regions of the sternum?
Manubrium which is the broadest portion, the body which is the longest portion and joins the manubrium at the eternal ankle and provides the location of the second rib, xiphoid process which provides attachment point for some abdominal muscles and is important landmark for cpr
Synarthrotic joints (fibrous)
Anchoring the bones in place
Amphiarthrotic joints (cartilaginous)
Slightly moveable
Diathrotic joints (synovial)
Freely moveable
A sheet of connective tissue that enclosed the joint, it extends from the periosteum of each of the articulating bones
Joint capsule
Synovial membrane
A moist, slippery membrane that lines the inside of the joint capsule; secrets synovial fluid
Small space between the bones that allows for freedom of movement; it contains synovial fluid; the fluid lubricated the joint, nourishes the cartilage and contains phagocytes to remove debris
Joint cavity
Articular cartilage
A thin layer of hyaline cartilage that covers bone surfaces; in combination with synovial fluid, it permits friction-free movement
Bursa
Some joints contain bursa which are small sacs filled with synovial fluid. Bursa reside in areas where muscles and tendons pass over bony prominences to facilitate movement and ease friction
What is the connection between a motor neurone and a muscle fiber?
Neuromuscular junction
Axial skeleton
Is like a straight line - skull, Rib cage and vertebral column
Appendicular skeleton
Relates to the appendages of the body
What are the five sections of the vertebral column
Cervical vertebrae 7 Thoracic Vertebrae 12 Lumbar vertebrae 5 Sacrum 5 fused vertebrae Coccyx 4 fused vertebrae
What is the vertebral foramen
An opening that allows for passage of the spinal cord
What are the bumps you feel when you run your hand along the
Spinous process
What does the masseter muscle do?
Closes the jaw
