Module 1.1-1.2

Question 1

the principle that the inherited traits enabling an organism to survive and reproduce in a particular environment will most likely be passed on to succeeding generations

Answer 1

Natural Selection

Question 2

the study of the evolution of behavior and the mind, using principles of natural selection

Answer 2

Evolutionary psychology

Question 3

The study of the relative power and limits of genetic and environmental influences on behavior

Answer 3

behavior genetics

Question 4

a random error in gene replication that leads to a change

Answer 4

Mutation

Question 5

the genetic transfer of characteristics from parent to offspring

Answer 5

heredity

Question 6

the biochemical units of heredity

Answer 6

genes

Question 7

the complete instructions for making an organism

Answer 7

genome

Question 8

the interplay that occurs when the effect of one factor (such as environment) depends on another factor (such as heredity)

Answer 8

interaction

Question 9

the study of the molecular mechanisms by which environments can influence genetic expression

Answer 9

epigenetics

Question 10

the body’s speedy, electrochemical communication network, consisting of all the nerve cells of the peripheral and central nervous systems

Answer 10

nervous system

Question 11

the brain and spinal cord

Answer 11

Central nervous system

Question 12

the sensory and motor neurons that connect the central nervous system to the rest of the body

Answer 12

peripheral nervous system

Question 13

bundled axons that form neural cables connecting the central nervous system with muscles, glands, and sensory organs.

Answer 13

nerves

Question 14

neurons that carry incoming information from the body’s tissues and sensory receptors to the brain and spinal cord

Answer 14

sensory neurons

Question 15

neurons that carry outgoing information from the brain and spinal cord to the muscles and glands

Answer 15

motor neurons

Question 16

neurons within the brain and spinal cord; they communicate internally and process information between the sensory inputs and motor outputs

Answer 16

interneurons

Question 17

the division of the peripheral nervous system that controls the body’s skeletal muscles.

Answer 17

Somatic nervous system (also called skeletal nervous system)

Question 18

the part of the peripheral nervous system that controls the glands and the muscles of the internal organs. Contains sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems

Answer 18

autonomic nervous system

Question 19

the division of the autonomic nervous system that arouses the body, mobilizing its energy

Answer 19

sympathetic nervous system

Question 20

the division of the autonomic nervous system that calms the body; conserving its energy

Answer 20

parasympathetic nervous system