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Microbiology > Midterm Review > Flashcards

Midterm Review Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

produce lesions inside and outside GIT

A

e.coli, salmonella

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2
Q

bacteria in GIT but produce lesions outside only

A

proteas, pseudomonas, bacteroids

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3
Q

bacteria gram - associated with respiratory tract

A

H. influenza, pertussis, legionella

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4
Q

G - rod with wide polysaccharide capsule

A

H. influenza

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5
Q

capsulated organisms

A

pneumococci, meningococci, h. influenza

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6
Q

all produce meningitis

A

pneumococci, meningococci, h. influena

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7
Q

What type of influenza are we concerned with?

A

Type B

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8
Q

what causes cleaning of mucous membrane so bacteria can attach?

A

IgA protease

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9
Q

What is the leading cause of meningitis in children?

A

H. influenza

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10
Q

What can H. influenza cause in older people

A

pneumonia

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11
Q

syphilis lab test

A

RPR test

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12
Q

tuberculosis lab test

A

sputum test

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13
Q

Treatment for H. influenza

A

Ceftrioxone

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14
Q

organism that produces beta lactamase

A

staph aureus

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15
Q

common H. influenza vaccine given to babies

A

HIB vaccine

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16
Q

if you are 5 or 8 years old meningitis is mostly due to what?

A

pneumococci

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17
Q

If meningitis when 10 years old, most likely due to what?

A

meningococci

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18
Q

What is the appearance of gonococci/meningococci?

A

diplococci, red (gram -), kidney shaped

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19
Q

define dysphagia

A

difficulty swallowing

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20
Q

define dysuria

A

painful urination

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21
Q

define dyspnea

A

difficulty breathing

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22
Q

difference between diarrhea and dysentry

A

diarrhea is watery stool and dysentry is stool that is less watery and mixed with blood and mucous

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23
Q

What cause bacillary dysentry?

A

Shigella

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24
Q

Transmission of Shigella?

A

human to human transmission in the fecal- oral route

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25
Q

Is shigella motile?

A

NO

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26
Q

does Shigella have a high virulence?

A

YES

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27
Q

What are the 4 F’s in Shigella?

A

fingers, flies, food, feces

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28
Q

Where is Shigella located?

A

exclusively in the GIT

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29
Q

What is the pathogenesis of Shigella?

A

causes ulcerations- do not penetrate gut wall and do not enter the blood stream

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30
Q

Clinical Manifestations of Shigella?

A

fever, abdominal cramps, dysentry, resolves in 2 to 3 days

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31
Q

Treatment for Shigella

A

fluids and electrolytes in milder cases and cipro in more severe cases

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32
Q

Is there a vaccine for Shigella?

A

NO

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33
Q

What bacterias produce spores

A

Bacillus (Anthrax, Cereus), Clostridium (tetani, Botulinum, Perfringens, dificile)

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34
Q

Which group is Acid Fast Bacillus?

A

Tuberculosis

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35
Q

Common cause of UTI in women?

A

E. coli

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36
Q

What are the later complications of Streptococci sore throat?

A

rheumatic fever - may cause damage to heart and joints

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37
Q

Peculiarity of arthritis in rheumatic fever?

A

migratory

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38
Q

clinical manifestations of streptococcal infection?

A

scarlet fever, sore throat, no cough, impetigo

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39
Q

What is impetigo?

A

streptococcus or staphylococcus aureus infection- contagious skin infection that produces blisters or sores on face, neck, hands, diaper area

40
Q

What is acute glomerulo nephritis?

A

follows streptococcal skin infections after three weeks- causes hypertension, edema of face and ankles and smoky urine

41
Q

Diseases produced from complications of strep pneumonia

A

meningitis, otitis media– normally causes lobar pneumonia

42
Q

Complications of typhoid fever

A

ulcers deep in the gut that can perforate and cause intestinal hemorrhaging- gall bladder infection in chronic carrier state

43
Q

What organism causes typhoid fever?

A

Salmonella

44
Q

Is Salmonella motile?

A

YES

45
Q

What is the course for salmonella typhi?

A

human only- no animal source

46
Q

How is S. Typhi transmitted?

A

ingestion of food and water contaminated with human waste

47
Q

What diseases have no vaccines available?

A

gonorrhea, gas gangrene, Cl dificile, lysteria bacteria, Chlamydia, Syphilis

48
Q

What organism causes Q fever?

A

Coxiella burnetti

49
Q

Mode of transmission for Q fever?

A

inhalation- even miles away

50
Q

Who spreads Q fever?

A

partruition animals, amniotic fluid, placenta, urine, feces

51
Q

What organism causes rocky mountain spotted fever?

A

Ricketti

52
Q

What is rocky mountain spotted fever spread by?

A

dog tick

53
Q

symptoms of rocky mountain spotted fever?

A

flu like symptoms with rash, hemorrhaging on hands and feet that moves to trunk- delirium and coma are bad cases

54
Q

What STD is transmitted from mother to baby?

A

Gonorrhea, Chlamydia, Syphilis

55
Q

What infection can get through contact lenses?

A

Pseudomonas

56
Q

Organisms transmitted by sexual contact

A

Gonorrhea, Chlamydia, Syphilis,

57
Q

What organism produces syphilis?

A

Treponema

58
Q

What diseases are transmitted through a human louse?

A

Thyphus fever, Borerlia

59
Q

Source of infection for Typhoid

A

from other humans– NOT animals or soil

60
Q

What organism do we get from reheated rice?

A

B Cereus

61
Q

Ghon’s lesion

A

get in TB with lymph node in mediastinum

62
Q

Malignant pustule

A

Anthrax B skin

63
Q

Wool Sorters Disease

A

anthrax- inhalation from hides, skin, wool and bristles

64
Q

Reiters syndrome

A

can’t see, can’t pee, can’t climb a tree- arthritis of joints- usually from STDS

65
Q

scalded skin syndrome

A

staph aureus

66
Q

Jarish Hexheimer reaction

A

antibiotic used to kill syphilis but then all dead bacteria is there and produces a reaction- fever

67
Q

Hutchinsen’s Triad

A

later symptoms of syphilis- depressed nose, notched teeth, interstitial keratitis, and nerve deafness

68
Q

What does Trachoma cause?

A

chronic infection of conjunctival mucous membranes in the eye

69
Q

What bacteria produces Trachoma

A

Chlamydia Trachomatis

70
Q

What do types D-K of Trachomatis produce>

A

genital tract infections- urethritis

71
Q

What does type L of trachomatis produce?

A

LGV- painful ulcers

72
Q

What is the scrofula-gland enlargement of the neck?

A

a form of TB

73
Q

Waterhouse Freidrichen syndrome?

A

hemorrhage in septic meningitis

74
Q

In what disease do you get the Bulls eye?

A

Lyme disease- Borrelia burgdorferi

75
Q

Pott’s disease

A

TB that affects the spine

76
Q

most common sexually transmitted disease

A

Chlamydia

77
Q

Toxin or enzyme produced by Treponema pallidum

A

No toxin or enzyme!

78
Q

What produces peptic ulcers?

A

H. pylori

79
Q

What grows on disinfectant solutions?

A

Pseudomonas

80
Q

What organism produces beta lactamase?

A

staph aureus

81
Q

Infectious diseases that are not communicable

A

H. pylori, tetanus

82
Q

What bacteria comes from rabbits

A

Tularemia

83
Q

Test to diagnosis syphilis

A

RPR - blood test

84
Q

What disease is caused by campylobacter?

A

enterocholitis

85
Q

source of infection of campylobacter

A

puppies

86
Q

What is the reservoir of Borrelia?

A

small mammals like white footed mouse, deer

87
Q

How is Borrelia transmitted among animals?

A

tick bite

88
Q

What is the most common vector born disease in US?

A

Borrelia

89
Q

How long does the tick have to feed on our skin to produce infection?

A

24-48 hours

90
Q

Stages of tick bite

A
  1. red rash with clear white center. 2. cardiac/neurologic involvement- bells palsy 3. arthritis of large joints, CNS disease
91
Q

Treatment for lyme disease

A

stage 1- doxy/amoxycilin

stage 2 or later- pen G, ceftrioxone

92
Q

Treatment for tuberculosis

A

6 months of INF, rifampin, ethambutal, pyrazinamide

93
Q

Sewage workers are prone to getting what disease?

A

rate urine fever—leptospira

94
Q

Side effect when treatment with gentamycin

A

deafness

95
Q

Gram stained smear shows pink colored kidney shaped diplococci from CSF what is it?

A

meningococci

96
Q

Smear kidney shaped taken from urethra is what?

A

gonococci

Microbiology (16 decks)

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