Midterm 2 - Notes 3 (Part 2) Flashcards
What are 6 examples of gammaproteobacteria?
- Thiotrichales
- Pseudomonadales
- Legionellales
- Vibrionales
- Enterobacteriales
- Pasteurellales
What is the largest class of proteobacteria?
Gamma
What are 2 examples to thiotrichales?
- Beggiatoa
2. Francisella
Beggiatoa (4)
- Non pathogenic
- Grows in aquatic sediment
- Chemoautotrophic
- oxidizes H2S to S^0 for energy - Gram-negative
Francisella (2)
- Pathogenic
2. Gram-negative
What is an example of francisella?
F. tularensis = causes tularemia
- transmitted from insects and found mostly in rabbits and rodents, causing fever and loss of appetite
What are 4 examples of pseudomonadales?
- Pseudomonas
- Azotobacter and azomonas
- Moraxella
- Acinetobacter
Pseudomonas (8)
- Non pathogenic
- Opportunistic pathogens; nosocomial infections
- Utilizes a wide variety of carbon
- In absence of O2 they can use NO3 as a terminal electron acceptor
- able to grow in anaerobic conditions (lacking O2) - Gram-negative
- Metabolically diverse
- Common for UTI
- Important bioradiation
What is an example of pseudomonas?
P. aeruginosa = wound and UTI
Azotobacter and azomonas (3)
- Non pathogenic
- Nitrogen fixing
- Gram-negative
Moraxella (3)
- Pathogenic
- Cause infection of the eye
- Gram-negative
What is an example of moraxella?
M. lacunata = causes conjuctivitis
Acinetobacter (3)
- Pathogenic
- Non motile bacteria
- Gram-negative
What are 4 examples of legionellales?
- Legionella
- Coxiella
- Vibrionales
- Enterobacteriales
- Pasteurellales
Legionella (5)
- Pathogenic
- Respiratory disease
- Associated with cooling systems and spreading to internal systems of buildings
- Often grows in cooling water
- Gram-negative
Coxiella (4)
- Pathogenic
- Causes Q fever
- Very resistant to treatment
- Gram-negative
What is an example of coxiella?
C. burnetii = causes Q fever and is transmitted via aerosols or milk
Vibrionales (4)
- Pathogenic
- Found in aquatic habitats
- Contamination of water
- Gram-negative
What doe vibrio cholerase cause?
Chloera
- very motile in water and has the ability to spin
What is an example of vibrionales?
V. parahaemolyticus = causes gastroenteritis
What does vibro mean?
Back and forth movement
What are 10 examples of enterbacteriales?
- Escherichia
- Salmonella
- Shigella
- Klebsiella
- Serratia
- Proteus
- Yersinia
- Erwinia
- Enterobacter
- Cronobacter
What are enterbacteriales commonly called?
Enterics
- they inhabit the intestinal track; ferment carbohydrates
Enterbacteriales (2)
- Facultative anaerobes
2. Peritrichous flagella
Escherichia (3)
- Pathogenic
- E.coli: indicator of fecal contamination = causes food borne disease and UITs
- Gram-negative
Salmonella (3)
- Pathogenic
- Common form of food borne illness
- Gram-negative
What is an example of salmonella?
Salmonella typhi = causes typhoid fever
Shigella (3)
- Pathogenic
- Causes bacillary dysentery
- infection of the GI tract - Gram-negative
Klebsilla (2)
- Pathogenic
2. Gram-negative
What is an example of klebsilla?
K. pneumoniae = causes pneumonia
Serratia (4)
- Pathogenic
- Produces a red pigment
- can contaminate food and give it its red tint - Common cause of nosocomial infections
- Gram-negative
Proteus (3)
- Non pathogenic
- Swarming motility; colonies form concentric rings
- form and spread via different shapes - Gram-negative
Yersinia (4)
- Pathogenic
- Y.pestis causes the plague
- Transmitted via fleas
- Gram-negative
Erwinia (3)
- Non pathogenic
- Plant pathogens
- Gram-negative
Enterbacter (2)
- Pathogenic
2. Gram-negative
What are 2 examples of enterbacter?
- E. cloacae
- E. aerogenes
- both cause UTI and nosocomial infections
Cronobacter (2)
- Pathogenic
2. Gram-negative
What is an example of cronobacter?
C. sakazakii = causes meningitis
- found in a variety of environments and food
What are 2 examples of pasteurellales?
- Pasteurella
2. Haemophilus
Pasteurella (3)
- Non pathogenic
- Pathogen of domestic animals
- Gram-negative
What is an example of pasteurella?
P. multocida is transmitted to humans via animal bites
Haemophilus (4)
- Pathogenic
- Love for blood
- Require X factor (heme) and V factor (NAD+ and NADP+) in media
- Gram-negative
What is an example of haemophilus?
H. influenzae = causes meningitis and epiglottitis
What is an example of a deltaproteobacteria?
Myxococcales
Myxococcales (4)
- Non pathogenic
- Moves by gliding and leaves a slime trail
- Cells aggregate and form a fruiting body containing myxospores
- Gram-negative
What are the 6 phases in myxococcales?
- Myxospores –> myxospores are resistant resting cells released from sporangioles upon favourable conditions
- Germination –> myxospores germinate and form gram-negative vegetative cells, which divide to reproduce
- Vegetative growth cycle –> vegetative myxobacteria are motile by gliding, forming visible slime trails
- Aggregation –> under favourable conditions, the vegetative cells swarm to central locations, forming an aggregation
- Mounding –> aggregation of cells heap up into a mature fruiting body, which produces myxospores packed with sporangioles
