Midterm 2 - Notes 2 (Part 1)

Question 1

Taxonomy

Answer 1

Is the science of classifying organisms

- shows the degree of similarity among organisms

Question 2

Systematics (or phylogeny)

Answer 2

Is the study of the evolutionary history of organisms

Question 3

1735

Answer 3

Linnaeus – kingdoms plantae and animalia

Question 4

1800s

Answer 4

Bacteria and fungi put in kingdom plantea (nageli); kingdom protista proposed for bacteria, protozoa, algea and fungi (haeckel)

Question 5

1937

Answer 5

Prokaryotes introduced to distinguish cells without a nucleus

Question 6

1968

Answer 6

Murray – kingdom prokaryotae

Question 7

1969

Answer 7

Whittaker – 5 kingdom system

Question 8

What are the 3 domains?

Answer 8

1. Eukarya
2. Bacteria
3. Archaea

Question 9

What are 3 examples of eukarya?

Answer 9

1. Animals
2. Fungi
3. Plants

Question 10

What is an example of bacteria?

Answer 10

E. coli

Question 11

What are 3 examples of archaea?

Answer 11

1. Methanogens
2. Extreme halophiles
3. Hyperthermophiles

Question 12

Archaea cell type

Answer 12

Prokaryotic

Question 13

Archaea cell wall

Answer 13

Varies in composition

- contains no peptidoglycan

Question 14

Archaea membrane lipids

Answer 14

Composed of branched carbon chains attached to glycerol by ether linkage

Question 15

Archaea 1st aa in protein synthesis

Answer 15

Methionine

Question 16

Archaea antibiotic sensitivity

Answer 16

No

Question 17

Archaea rRNA loop

Answer 17

Lacking

Question 18

Archaea common arm of tRNA

Answer 18

Lacking

Question 19

Bacteria cell type

Answer 19

Prokaryotic

Question 20

Bacteria cell wall

Answer 20

Contains peptidoglycan

Question 21

Bacteria membrane lipids

Answer 21

Composed of straight carbon chains attached to glycerol by ester linkage

Question 22

Bacteria 1st aa in protein synthesis

Answer 22

Formylmethionine

Question 23

Bacteria antibiotic sensitivity

Answer 23

Yes

Question 24

Bacteria rRNA loop

Answer 24

Present

Question 25

Bacteria common are of tRNA

Answer 25

Present

Question 26

Eukarya cell type

Answer 26

Eukaryotic

Question 27

Eukarya cell wall

Answer 27

Varies in composition

- contains carbohydrates

Question 28

Eukarya membrane lipids

Answer 28

Composed of straight carbon chains attached to glycerol by ester linkage

Question 29

Eukarya 1st aa in protein synthesis

Answer 29

Methionine

Question 30

Eukarya antibiotic sensitivity

Answer 30

No

Question 31

Eukarya rRNA loop

Answer 31

Lacking

Question 32

Eukarya common arm of tRNA

Answer 32

Present

Question 33

Pro cell DNA

Answer 33

One circular; some two circular; some linear

Question 34

Pro cell histones

Answer 34

In archaea

Question 35

Pro cell 1st aa in protein synthesis (2)

Answer 35

1. Bacteria = formylmethionine

2. Archaea = methionine

Question 36

Pro cell ribosomes

Answer 36

70s

Question 37

Pro cell growth

Answer 37

Binary fission

Question 38

Euk cell DNA

Answer 38

Linear

Question 39

Euk cell histones

Answer 39

Yes

Question 40

Euk cell 1st aa in protein synthesis

Answer 40

Methionine

Question 41

Euk cell ribosome

Answer 41

80s

Question 42

Euk cell growth

Answer 42

Mitosis

Question 43

Euk organelles DNA

Answer 43

Circular

Question 44

Euk organelles histones

Answer 44

No

Question 45

Euk organelles 1st aa in protein synthesis

Answer 45

Formylmethionine

Question 46

Euk organelles ribosomes

Answer 46

70s

Question 47

Euk organelles growth

Answer 47

Binary fission

Question 48

Histone

Answer 48

DNA binding protein

Question 49

Where do eukaryotes originate from?

Answer 49

Infoldings of prokaryotic plasma membrane