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Bio 459 - Diseases > Midterm 2 - Notes 3 (Part 1) > Flashcards

Midterm 2 - Notes 3 (Part 1) Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is the difference between Bacilli and Clostridia?

A

Bacilli has no spores forming and Clostridia does

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2
Q

What are the 5 classes of proteobacteria that are defined by the features of 16s RNA?

A
  1. Alpha
  2. Beta
  3. Gamma
  4. Delt
  5. Epsilon
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3
Q

What are 3 diseases associated with spirochetes?

A
  1. Lyme disease
  2. Leptospira
  3. Syphilis
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4
Q

Dichotomous keys

A

Is a tool for identifying unknown organisms to some taxonomic level
- constructed of a series of couplets, each consisting of 2 statements describing characteristics of a particular organism or group of organisms

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5
Q

Where does the world proteobacteria come from?

A

The mythological Greek god proteus, who could assume many shapes

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6
Q

What is the largest taxonomic group of bacteria? Example?

A

Proteobacteria

- E. coli

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7
Q

What did proteobacteria use to be called?

A

Purple bacteria

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8
Q

What are 2 characteristics of proteobacteria?

A
  1. Gram- negative

2. Chemoheterotrophic

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9
Q

What type of bacteria is capable of growing with very low levels of nutrients?

A

The alphaproteobacteria

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10
Q

What do many alphaproteobacteria have?

A

Stalks or buds known as prothecae which help to shape on how they will fold up

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11
Q

What are 8 examples of alphaproteibacteria?

A
  1. Pelagibacter
  2. Rickettsia
  3. Ehrlichia
  4. Rhizobium and bradyrhizobium
  5. Agrobacterium
  6. Bartonella
  7. Brucella
  8. Wolbachia
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12
Q

Pelagibacter (6)

A
  1. Not pathogenic
  2. One of the most abundant microorganisms in the ocean
  3. Extremely small in size
  4. Advantage in a low nutrient environment
  5. Closely related to mitochondrion 16s rRNA
  6. Gram-negative
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13
Q

Rickettsia (6)

A
  1. Pathogenic
  2. Obligate intracellular parasites
  3. Cause spotted fever
  4. Transmitted by insect and tick bites
  5. Ricketts
  6. Gram-negative
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14
Q

What are 3 examples rickettsia?

A
  1. R. prowazekii = epidemic typhus that was transmitted by lice
  2. R. typhi = epidemic murine typhus that was transmitted by fleas
  3. R. rickettsii = rocky mountain spotted fever
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15
Q

Ehrlichia (4)

A
  1. Pathogenic
  2. Transmitted by ticks
  3. Causes ehrlichiosis
  4. Gram-negative
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16
Q

Rhizobium and bradyrhizobium (4)

A
  1. Non pathogenic
  2. Fix nitrogen in the roots of leguminous plants (common in soil)
  3. Known by the common name rhizobia
  4. Gram-negative
17
Q

Agrobacterium (4)

A
  1. Non pathogenic
  2. Plant pathogen = causes crown gall
  3. Inserts a plasmid into plant cells, inducing a tumor
    - uses them as vectors to introduce DNA into plants
  4. Gram-negative
18
Q

Bartonella (3)

A
  1. Pathogenic
  2. Most abundant pathogenic organism
  3. Gram-negative
19
Q

What is an example of bartonella?

A

B. henselae = cat-skratch disease

20
Q

Brucella (4)

A
  1. Pathogenic
  2. Obligate parasite of mammals; survives phagorytosis
  3. Causes brucellosis
    - symptoms = profuse sweating, joint and muscle pain
  4. Gram-negative
21
Q

Wolbachia (4)

A
  1. Non pathogenic
  2. Endosymbiont of insects
  3. Affects reproduction of insects
  4. Gram-negative
22
Q

What are 4 examples of betaproteobacteria?

A
  1. Burkholderia
  2. Bordetella
  3. Neisseria
  4. Zoogloea
23
Q

Burkholderia (2)

A
  1. Non pathogenic

2. Gram-negative

24
Q

What are 2 examples of burkholderia?

A
  1. B. cepacia = degrades more than 100 organic molecules

2. B. pseudomallei = causes meliodosis

25
Q

Bordetella (4)

A
  1. Non pathogenic
  2. Non motile rods
  3. First vaccination received as a new born: DTap, Diptheria, Tetanus
  4. Gram-negative
26
Q

What is an example of bordetella?

A

B. pertussis = causes whooping cough

- major pathogen

27
Q

Neisseria (2)

A
  1. Pathogenic

2. Gram-negative

28
Q

What are 2 examples of neisseria?

A
  1. N. gonorrhoeae = causes of gonorrhea

2. N. meningitidis = causes of meningococcal meningtitis

29
Q

Zoogloea (3)

A
  1. Non pathogenic
  2. Important in the activity of the activated sludge system (wastewater)
  3. Gram-negative

Bio 459 - Diseases (21 decks)

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