midgut and hindgut development

Question 1

midgut is located

Answer 1

from the main pancreatic duct at the duodenum to 2/3 of the transverse colon

Question 2

result of the liver moving toward the right

Answer 2

foregut does to the left and the duodenum goes toward the right

Question 3

which grows faster - intestines or body wall

Answer 3

intestines

umbilical hernia occurs during development

Question 4

what herniates into the umbilical cord

Answer 4

midgut - intestine

Question 5

what happens to the hindgut

Answer 5

is lifted above the superior mesenteric artery

elongates

Question 6

what happens to the caecum

Answer 6

starts to develop and is lifted above the small intestine with the umbilical cord

Question 7

vertical colon segments

Answer 7

are secondary retroperitoneal

Question 8

re entry of the small intestine

Answer 8

pushes the descending colon against the posterior body wall on the left side
causes zygosis to stick the descending colon to the dorsal body wall

Question 9

why is the descending colon secondary retroperitoneal

Answer 9

because the small intestine pushes it against the posterior body wall upon re entry

Question 10

quadrangular fusion

Answer 10

the event of zygosis when the small intestine pushes descending colon

Question 11

triangular fusion

Answer 11

small intestine pushes the ascending colon against the posterior body wall

Question 12

appendix mesentary

Answer 12

varies whether it has one or on which side of the caecum it appears

Question 13

what happens to the rectum

Answer 13

is pushed dorsally by the urogenital tract

zygosis stick part of the rectum to the dorsal body wall

Question 14

why do horizontal segments maintain a mesentery

Answer 14

tend to translate more

horizontal segments protrude anteriorly and escape being pushed by the intestines

Question 15

why does the transverse colon maintain a mesentery

Answer 15

anterior to the stomach, so it can’t stick to the dorsal body wall

Question 16

why does the stomach not zygose

Answer 16

moves in the foregut a lot

Question 17

omental bursa

Answer 17

lesser sac

Question 18

epiplioc foramen

Answer 18

entry hole to the lesser sac

Question 19

greater sac

Answer 19

space around all intestines

Question 20

lesser omentum

Answer 20

hepatohastric ligament
attaches to lesser curvature of stomach
part of ventral mesogastrium

Question 21

lesser sac

Answer 21

aka omenta bursa
peritoneal space enclosed in the greater omentum’s balloon
peritoneal space posterior to stomach and anterior to pancreas
closed caudally by transverse mesocolon and cranially by the liver and diaphragm
only access point is through epiploic foramen (posterior to heptoduodenal ligament)

Question 22

greater omentum

Answer 22

part of dorsal mesogastrium
sac like extension at caudal end of gastrosplenic ligament
stomach and of the greater omentum attaches to its greater curvature
other end of the greater omentum attaches to transverse colon

Question 23

omental function

Answer 23

compartmentalises wounds and infections

not significant in adults

Question 24

urorectal septum

Answer 24

mammalian feature

divides the anorectal canal and the urogenital sinus

Question 25

the cloacal membrane

Answer 25

site where endoderm is in direct contact with ectoderm

the end of the gut tube

Question 26

pectinate line

Answer 26

morphological structure representing the end of the gut tube

Question 27

superior rectum

Answer 27

supplied by inferior mesenteric artery

superior part drains to the portal system

Question 28

middle rectum

Answer 28

supplied by internal iliac artery

doesn’t drain to portal system or go to the liver for first pass metabolism - dangerous for taking drugs