abdominal wall and hernia

Question 1

from the coelomic cavity what is derived

Answer 1

pericardium
pleura
peritoneum
tunica vaginalis

Question 2

small amount of serous fluid secreted by

Answer 2

mesothelial lining

Question 3

abdominal and thoracic cavities partitioned by the

Answer 3

diaphragm

Question 4

diaphragm derived from

Answer 4

septum transversum plus muscular ingrowth

Question 5

abdomen is continuous with the

Answer 5

pelvis - abdominopelvic cavity

Question 6

abdominal cavity is lined by

Answer 6

mesothelial lining

Question 7

what vertebral segment is uniquely mammalian

Answer 7

lumbar

Question 8

abdominal wall is supplied by

Answer 8

intercostal nerves

Question 9

intercostal nerve at the xiphoid

Answer 9

7th - last true rib

Question 10

umbilicus intercostal nerve

Answer 10

T10

Question 11

inguinal ligament intercostal nerve

Answer 11

L1

Question 12

top middle abdominal zone

Answer 12

epigastric

Question 13

top left

Answer 13

left hypochondria

Question 14

top right

Answer 14

right hypochondria

Question 15

middle

Answer 15

umbilical

Question 16

middle left

Answer 16

left lumbar

Question 17

middle right

Answer 17

right lumbar

Question 18

bottom right

Answer 18

right inguinal

Question 19

bottom left

Answer 19

left inguinal

Question 20

bottom middle

Answer 20

hypogastric

Question 21

vertical planes

Answer 21

left/right midinguinal

Question 22

horizontal planes

Answer 22

subcostal plane

inter tubercular plane

Question 23

diaphragm muscle, when relaxed, rises to

Answer 23

rib 5 - nipple line

Question 24

pelvis inlet

Answer 24

boundary between abdominal cavity and pelvic cavity

Question 25

external oblique

Answer 25

V shape

Question 26

internal oblique

Answer 26

A shape

Question 27

transverse abdominus

Answer 27

straight line shape

Question 28

3 functions of abdominal wall

Answer 28

1. containment/protection/strength
2. respiration and voice projection
3. posture/stability/movement

Question 29

rectus sheath

Answer 29

sheath encloses rectus abdominis

Question 30

anterior/superficial layer of rectus abdominis

Answer 30

aponeurosis of external oblique

fused with part of internal oblique

Question 31

midline partition

Answer 31

linea alba

Question 32

lateral edge

Answer 32

linea semilunaris

Question 33

arcuate line

Answer 33

no fascia below this line
not always there
wall is weaker below this line

Question 34

8 layers of the body wall

Answer 34

1. skin 
2 a. camper's fascia b. scarpa's fascia 
3. external oblique 
4. internal oblique 
5. transversalis abdominus 
6. transversalis fascia 
7. exztraperitoneal fat 
8. peritoneum

Question 35

2 types of subcutaneous fascia

Answer 35

camper’s - fatty fascia

scarpa’s - membranous fascia

Question 36

3 layers of muscle

Answer 36

external oblique
internal oblique
transversalis abdominis

Question 37

fascia underneath transversals abdominis

Answer 37

transversalis fascia

Question 38

scarpa’s fascia is attached to

Answer 38

inguinal ligament and linea alba

Question 39

below the inguinal ligament the scrapa’s facia becomes

Answer 39

fascia lata

Question 40

scarpa’s fascia does not attach to

Answer 40

pubic body

Question 41

inguinal canal

Answer 41

oblique canal through the 3 layers of the body wall

Question 42

deep inguinal ring

Answer 42

lateral halfway point of inguinal ligament
inferior epigastric artery passes through here
spermatic cord vessels pass through the deep ring

Question 43

superficial inguinal ring

Answer 43

medial end of inguinal ligament

Question 44

testes are supplied by

Answer 44

B arteries

Question 45

dartos muscle

Answer 45

wrinkles the skin of the scrotum

Question 46

ingluinal canal in males contains

Answer 46

the spermatic cord

Question 47

inguinal canal in females constables

Answer 47

round ligament of the uterus

Question 48

what is in front of the deep ring

Answer 48

all three layers of abdominal muscle

foramen n transversalss fascia

Question 49

what is in front of the superficial ring

Answer 49

tranverses and internal oblique lie behind the canal

external oblique continues into it

Question 50

spermatic cord and scrotum

Answer 50

testes descend into the scrotum after developing in the upper abdomen
draw layers of the abdomen wall with them - except transverses abdominus

Question 51

internal oblique muscle in the srcrotum gives rise to

Answer 51

the cremaster muscle and fascia

Question 52

the spermatic cord made by

Answer 52

• external spermatic fascia
• cremaster muscle and fascia
• internal spermatic fascia

Question 53

spermatic cord contains

Answer 53

loose CT and fat
the testis
processus/tunica vaginalis

Question 54

hernia

Answer 54

increase in intraabdominal pressure can force contents through a weakness n the abdominal wall

Question 55

weaknesses in the abdomen wall

Answer 55

• inguinal
• femoral
• umbilical
• semilunar
• oesophageal
• obturator canal
• post surgical site

Question 56

things with mesentery

Answer 56

are more mobile

Question 57

why are hernias bad

Answer 57

oobstruction of a tubular organ

loss of blood supply to the herniated organ

Question 58

indirect inguinal hernias

Answer 58

herniates through spermatic cord 
congenital 
not pushed 
through deep and superficial rings 
tunica vaginalis didn't close

Question 59

direct inguinal hernia

Answer 59

acquired 
was pushed 
weakened abdominal musculature 
herniates through superficial inguinal ring 
next to spermatic cord