abdominal cavity lab

Question 1

how big is the gap between lowest rib and iliac crest

Answer 1

3-5cm

Question 2

what organs occupy the left hypochondrium

Answer 2

stomach, spleen, tail of pancreas, left colic flexure (colon), left kidney

Question 3

what organs are in the right iliac region

Answer 3

caecum, appendix, ascending colon, iliocaecal junction

Question 4

umbilical regon

Answer 4

jejunum and ileum (abdominal aorta, IVC)

Question 5

right lumbar region

Answer 5

ascending colon (some small intestine)

Question 6

embryological significance between tendinous intersections of the rectus abdominus muscle

Answer 6

junctions between muscles from adjacent somites

Question 7

rectus abdominus muscle is surrounded by

Answer 7

rectus sheath

Question 8

what is the action of the rectus abdominus

Answer 8

flexion of trunk, generate intra-abdominal pressure

Question 9

what is the action of oblique muscles

Answer 9

pull down the ribcage, lateral flexion of trunk

Question 10

what do the abdominal wall muscles do when coughing

Answer 10

tighten up, increasing intraabdominal pressure to expel aid from the lungs when the diaphragm contracts

Question 11

direction of fibres of rectus abdominus

Answer 11

vertical

Question 12

direction of fibres of external oblique

Answer 12

medial and superior (V shape)

Question 13

direction of fibres of internal oblique

Answer 13

medial and inferior (A shape)

Question 14

transversus abdominus

Answer 14

horizontal

Question 15

why are the fibres of the abdominal wall muscles in different directions

Answer 15

to enable contraction of the walll in all directions equally

Question 16

3 flat muscles of of the abdomen

Answer 16

external oblique
internal oblique
transversus abdominus

Question 17

three flat muscles of the abdomen make up

Answer 17

the rectus sheath

Question 18

what passes through the inguinal canal n males

Answer 18

the spermatic cord

Question 19

what passes through the inguinal canal in females

Answer 19

round ligament of the uterus (ligament teres)

Question 20

which segmental nerves supply the abdominal wall near the xiphoid

Answer 20

T6-8

Question 21

which segmental nerves supply the abdominal wall around the umbilicus

Answer 21

T10

Question 22

which segmental nerves supply the abdominal wall near the pubis

Answer 22

T12/L1

Question 23

why are males more prone to hernias than females

Answer 23

larger inguinal canal

peritoneal cavity sometimes continuous with tunica vaginalis of scrotum

Question 24

skin is continuous with

Answer 24

scrotal skin with darts muscle

Question 25

scrap's and camper's fascia are continuous with

Answer 25

colle's fascia

Question 26

external oblique is continuous with

Answer 26

external spermatic fascia

Question 27

internal oblique is continuous with

Answer 27

cremaster muscle

Question 28

transversus abdominus is continuous with

Answer 28

nothing

Question 29

transversals fascia is continuous with

Answer 29

internal spermatic fascia

Question 30

exteraperitoneal fat is continuous with

Answer 30

testis

Question 31

peritoneum is continuous with

Answer 31

tunica vaginalis

Question 32

what's the difference between the darts and cremaster smooth muscles

Answer 32

dartos is smooth muscle of the skin of scrotal/penis/foreskin - its wrinkes the skin to reduce the surface area for heat exchange if the ambient temp is cold cremaster is skeletal muscle that can lift the testicle closer to the body when ambient temp is low, or relax and lower when temp is hot

Question 33

function of the greater omentum

Answer 33

reduce friction

Question 34

lesser omentum connects to

Answer 34

the liver

Question 35

the lesser sac is open to the abdominal cavity by

Answer 35

the epiploic foramen

Question 36

the lesser sac is in continuity with

Answer 36

the omental bursa

Question 37

advantage of the peritoneal cavity

Answer 37

allows movement of organs

Question 38

peritoneum originals from

Answer 38

lateral plate mesoderm - spanchnoplluere

Question 39

cavity giving rise to the peritoneal cavity

Answer 39

intraembryonic coelom

Question 40

organs that are stuck to the posterior abdominal wall

Answer 40

retroperitoneal

Question 41

gut tube organs that have mesenteries

Answer 41

stomach, small intestine, transverse colon, sigmoid colon

Question 42

digestive organs that are retroperitoneal

Answer 42

``` pancreas duodenum ascending colon descending colon rectum ```

Question 43

artery supplying the foregut

Answer 43

coeliac trunk

Question 44

artery supplying the midgut

Answer 44

superior mesenteric

Question 45

artery supplying the hindgut

Answer 45

inferior mesenteric

Question 46

where is the junction between fore and midgut

Answer 46

just past the major duodenal papilla

Question 47

where is the junction between midgut and hindgut

Answer 47

last 1/3 of transversals colon

Question 48

name the organs that develop in the central mesentery

Answer 48

liver, ventral pancreas

Question 49

organs that develop in the dorsal mesentery

Answer 49

dorsal pancreas and spleen