abdominal cavity lab Flashcards
how big is the gap between lowest rib and iliac crest
3-5cm
what organs occupy the left hypochondrium
stomach, spleen, tail of pancreas, left colic flexure (colon), left kidney
what organs are in the right iliac region
caecum, appendix, ascending colon, iliocaecal junction
umbilical regon
jejunum and ileum (abdominal aorta, IVC)
right lumbar region
ascending colon (some small intestine)
embryological significance between tendinous intersections of the rectus abdominus muscle
junctions between muscles from adjacent somites
rectus abdominus muscle is surrounded by
rectus sheath
what is the action of the rectus abdominus
flexion of trunk, generate intra-abdominal pressure
what is the action of oblique muscles
pull down the ribcage, lateral flexion of trunk
what do the abdominal wall muscles do when coughing
tighten up, increasing intraabdominal pressure to expel aid from the lungs when the diaphragm contracts
direction of fibres of rectus abdominus
vertical
direction of fibres of external oblique
medial and superior (V shape)
direction of fibres of internal oblique
medial and inferior (A shape)
transversus abdominus
horizontal
why are the fibres of the abdominal wall muscles in different directions
to enable contraction of the walll in all directions equally
3 flat muscles of of the abdomen
external oblique
internal oblique
transversus abdominus
three flat muscles of the abdomen make up
the rectus sheath
what passes through the inguinal canal n males
the spermatic cord
what passes through the inguinal canal in females
round ligament of the uterus (ligament teres)
which segmental nerves supply the abdominal wall near the xiphoid
T6-8
which segmental nerves supply the abdominal wall around the umbilicus
T10
which segmental nerves supply the abdominal wall near the pubis
T12/L1
why are males more prone to hernias than females
larger inguinal canal
peritoneal cavity sometimes continuous with tunica vaginalis of scrotum
skin is continuous with
scrotal skin with darts muscle
scrap’s and camper’s fascia are continuous with
colle’s fascia
external oblique is continuous with
external spermatic fascia
internal oblique is continuous with
cremaster muscle
transversus abdominus is continuous with
nothing
transversals fascia is continuous with
internal spermatic fascia
exteraperitoneal fat is continuous with
testis
peritoneum is continuous with
tunica vaginalis
what’s the difference between the darts and cremaster smooth muscles
dartos is smooth muscle of the skin of scrotal/penis/foreskin - its wrinkes the skin to reduce the surface area for heat exchange if the ambient temp is cold
cremaster is skeletal muscle that can lift the testicle closer to the body when ambient temp is low, or relax and lower when temp is hot
function of the greater omentum
reduce friction
lesser omentum connects to
the liver
the lesser sac is open to the abdominal cavity by
the epiploic foramen
the lesser sac is in continuity with
the omental bursa
advantage of the peritoneal cavity
allows movement of organs
peritoneum originals from
lateral plate mesoderm - spanchnoplluere
cavity giving rise to the peritoneal cavity
intraembryonic coelom
organs that are stuck to the posterior abdominal wall
retroperitoneal
gut tube organs that have mesenteries
stomach, small intestine, transverse colon, sigmoid colon
digestive organs that are retroperitoneal
pancreas duodenum ascending colon descending colon rectum
artery supplying the foregut
coeliac trunk
artery supplying the midgut
superior mesenteric
artery supplying the hindgut
inferior mesenteric
where is the junction between fore and midgut
just past the major duodenal papilla
where is the junction between midgut and hindgut
last 1/3 of transversals colon
name the organs that develop in the central mesentery
liver, ventral pancreas
organs that develop in the dorsal mesentery
dorsal pancreas and spleen
