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anatomy 2 > histology of the tongue and salivary glands > Flashcards

histology of the tongue and salivary glands Flashcards

1
Q

the tongue

A

dorsal surface has 2 components

  1. oral part
  2. pharyngeal part
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2
Q

oral part

A

anterior 2/3
taste fibres from chorda tympani of facial nerve CNVII
large number of small projections called lingual papillae

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3
Q

chord tympani

A

part of the facial nerve CNVII

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4
Q

lingual papillae

A

CT core covered with stratified squamous epithelium

4 types based on shape

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5
Q

4 types of lingual papillae

A

filiform - thread (most abundant)
fungiform - mushroom
circumvallate - surrounded by a rampart
foliate - leaf shaped, poorly formed in humans, often absent in ages people

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6
Q

posterior part

A

posterior 1/3
taste fibres from glossopharyngeal nerve
posterior to terminal sulcus
contains foramen caecum in the midline
covered in the lingual tonsils - lymph nodules

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7
Q

what divides anterior 2/3 to posterior 1/3

A

terminal sulcus
papillae line the sulcus
foramen caecum posteriorly

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8
Q

lingual tonsils

A

small lymph nodules

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9
Q

foramen caecum

A

midline of the pharyngeal part

posterior to the terminal sulcus

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10
Q

oral part uses taste fibres from the

A

chorda tympani - part of the facial nerve

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11
Q

pharyngeal part uses taste fibres from the

A

glossopharyngeal nerve

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12
Q

characteristics of the tongue

A

CT underlying the epithelium is fairly dense
strands of perpendicularly oriented SK.M
small lingual salivary glands within the CT
MALT - mucosa associated lymphoid tissue

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13
Q

filiform papillae

A

smallest and most abundant
epithelium is keratinised around filiform papillae
creates a rough surface to aid in manipulating food in the oral cavity

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14
Q

fungiform papillae

A

occur singularly, but evenly dispersed between filiform
epithelium is non-keratinised
CT core is well vascularised
do have some taste buds `

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15
Q

circumvallate papillae

A

largest and least abundant
8-12 along the terminal sulcus
created by invaginating trench of epithelium
taste buds cover the lateral surfaces of papilla
excretory ducts of serous glands open into trenches

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16
Q

foliate papillae

A

appear as folds along the dorsolateral tongue, closer to terminal sulcus
deep lateral portions contain many taste buds
also have opening for serous excretory glands

17
Q

purpose of excretory ducts in circumvallate papillae

A

to flush out trenches

18
Q

taste buds

A

ovoid, lightly stained bodies
taste pore - basement membrane extends to opening in epithelium
4 types
have microvilli extensions
fluid enters the taste pore
contains receptors for 6 taste modalities - sweet, salty, bitter, sour, fat, umami (savoury)

19
Q

6 taste modalities

A

sweet, salty, bitter, sour, fat, umami (savoury)

20
Q

taste pore

A

basement membrane extends to opening in the epithelium

21
Q

evolution of taste buds

A

amount of each modality is linked to age and metabolic hormones
4 cell types are sensitive to different metabolic hormones

22
Q

saliva

A

mixed secretion from many glands that open into the oral cavity

23
Q

3 large paired tubuloacinar glands

A
  1. parotid
  2. sublingual
  3. submandibular
24
Q

tubuloacinar glands

A

have two components - tubule and acing
have secretory acini
divided by CT to have lobules and lobes

25
Q

parotid glands

A

next to the ear, outside of the oral cavity

duct enters through the cheek around the 2nd molar

26
Q

sublingual gland

A

beneath the tongue, within the CT septa of the oral cavity

27
Q

submandibular gland

A

beneath the mylohoid muscle

part of gland reaches around the muscle, so its duct connects to the lingual duct

28
Q

ducts

A

human of secretory acinus is continuous with the duct system

29
Q

intercalated duct

A

leads from acinus to larger duct

30
Q

striated duct

A

striations within columnar cells forming the duct
elongated mitochondria on basal side, pushes nuclei towards apical side
prominent in serous, absent in mucus, sparse in mixed

31
Q

interlobular vs interlobular ducts

A

interlobular are larger excretory ducts with more surrounding CT
have stratified cuboidal/columnar epithelium

32
Q

secretory acini

A

making serous - watery product
round/ovoid nuclei on cell basal surface
cytoplasm appears pink/red with granules - contain amylase enzyme
mainly in glands located further away from oral cavity eg. parotid

33
Q

myoepithelium

A

cell sitting on the outside of a gland

rhythmically contract and squeeze the gland

34
Q

glands secreting mucus

A

viscious product
flattened nuclei, appear pressed against the basal surface
mainly in glands located closer to the oral cavity eg. sublingual gland
appears pale on staining

35
Q

serous demilunes

A

half moon shaped serous secreting cells
attached to mucus secreting glands
secrete product between mucous producing cells
sublingual and submandibular glands

anatomy 2 (22 decks)

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