breast anatomy Flashcards
lymphatics of the breast
superior and lateral - axillary nodes
medial - parasternal nodes
inferior - may be some drainage to abdomen
sebaceous glands
not associated wth hair follicles
sebum secreted into epidermal surface
protect from chaffing and cracking during nursing
smooth muscle bundles in the breast
contract in response too cold, touch, sexual arousal
histology of the human breast inactive state
mainly duct elements, and connective tissue
cyclic changes in non pregnant women
some duct growth, some limited lobule-alveolar development
fluid accumulation in CT
breast is differentiated from
ectoderm
rudimentary ducts
may be some secretory witches milk as a consequences of exposure to mother’s hormones
proliferation of the breast
begins at puberty
increased fat due to increased oestrogen
lacteriferoous ducts grow and branch
rudimentary lobules and alveoli
secretory activation occurs
40-48 hours after birth
needs decrease in progesterone and oestrogen
milk production is maintained by
infant demand
after weaning
mechanical atrophy induced by accumulation of milk
distension compresses the capillaries which decreases nutrients and oxygen to the breast tissue
loss of epithelial cells
gradual replacement of ducts and alveoli with stromal and fat tissue
incoluton process takes
3 months
after meno pause
loss of oestrogen dn structural atrophy of the breast
hormonal control of milk secretion
nipple stimulation due to suckling
spinal nerves
secretion of prolactin from anterior pituitary
milk synthesis by alveolar cells
milk ejection
nipple stimulation due to suckling
spinal nerves
release of oxytocin from posterior pituitary
contraction of myoepithelial calls around alveoli
lactational amenorrhoea
temporary suppression of ovarian acitivyt (and therefore menstraul cycling) during breast feeding
